返回平原3年以上的高原移居汉族心脏结构及功能的改变  

Changes of the cardiac structure and function in Han people returning to the plain for at least 3 years after long-term exposure to high altitude

作　　者：邬云红[1] 肖蓉[2] 唐蜀西[1] 孙曾梅[1] 尹伟婧[1] 李晓萍[1] 孙亚川[1] 周其全[3] 

机构地区：[1]西藏自治区人民政府驻成都办事处医院内分泌代谢科,四川成都610044 [2]西藏自治区人民政府驻成都办事处医院功能科 [3]第三军医大学高原军事医学系高原疾病学教研室

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2013年第17期3162-3165,共4页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划课题资助(2009BAI85B03)

摘　　要：目的观察长时间移居西藏高原后返回平原3年以上的汉族人群心脏结构和功能的改变。方法应用彩色多普勒超声心动图检测348例高原移居人群及86例平原汉族对照的心功能、心脏结构。按照不同性别分析两组人群各心脏指标的差异。结果返回平原3年以上的高原移居人群在排除年龄影响下,不论男性或是女性,其右房左右径均较平原汉族增大(男性30.81±3.89vs.29.39±3.93;女性29.05±3.06vs.27.40±2.97,P均﹤0.05),左室后壁厚度及幅度也较平原汉族增加(P均﹤0.05)。高原移居人群三尖瓣反流(TR)发生率显著高于平原对照(44.25%vs.8.13%,P=0.000),而且高原移居女性TR发生率显著高于男性(50.28%vs.38.15%,P=0.025)。结论长时间的高原居民对右心房和左心室的影响显著,三尖瓣反流发生率显著增高,且女性发生率高于男性,上述心脏改变在返回到平原多年后仍不能恢复到平原对照人群水平。OBJECTIVE To study the changes of cardiac structure and function in Han people returning to the plain after long-term exposure to high altitude. METHODS Echocardiographic examinations were performed in 348 residents who once lived in high altitude and then returned to the plain for at least 3 years （altitude exposure group） and in 86 healthy people not exposed to high altitude （control group）. The cardiac function and structure were measured and compared between two groups according to different genders. RESULTS Compared with the control group, the right atrium short diameter （RAD） was longer in altitude exposure group （male 30.81 ＋ 3.89 vs. 29.39 ＋ 3.93; female 29.05 ＋ 3.06 vs. 27.40 ＋ 2.97, P all 〈 0.05）. Left ventricular posterior wall thickness （LPVW） in altitude exposure group was larger than in control group （P 〈 0.05）. The incidence of tricuspid regurgitation （TR） in altitude exposure group was significantly higher than that of the plain control （44.25% vs. 8.13%, P = 0.000）. In altitude exposure group, the incidence of TR in females was higher than that in males （50.28% vs. 38.15%, P = 0.025）. CONCLUSION Long-term exposure to high altitude is associated with the changes of the structure of right atrium and left ventricular, and the increased incidence of TR, which is higher in females than in males. And these changes mentioned above are hard to recover even after returning to the plain for several years.

关 键 词：高原移居人群 心脏 结构 功能 三尖瓣反流 

分 类 号：R594.3[医药卫生—内科学]