社区早期慢性病患者及高危个体的个体化量化干预研究  

Assessing the effects of individual intervention on patients with chronic diseases and high-risk individuals in Wuxi's communities

作　　者：董昀球[1] 钱云[1] 董美华[1] 沈冲[2] 沈洪兵[2] 

机构地区：[1]无锡市疾病预防控制中心健康促进部,江苏省无锡214023 [2]南京医科大学公共卫生学院

出　　处：《中国慢性病预防与控制》2013年第4期429-432,共4页Chinese Journal of Prevention and Control of Chronic Diseases

基　　金：江苏省科技支撑计划(社会发展)项目(BE2009681)

摘　　要：目的了解对社区早期慢性病患者及高危个体进行个体化量化干预的效果,为健全社区慢性病防治模式提供参考依据。方法对符合条件的高血压患者130例,2型糖尿病患者96例和14例慢性病高危个体实施个体化量化干预,在干预前后分别进行问卷调查、体格检查和血生化检查,分析干预前后各指标的变化。结果完成干预的222例对象,干预后体力活动状况明显改善,工作或日常静坐时间多于4h的比例从56.2%下降至46.9%,参加体育锻炼比例由71.8%上升到93.3%,平均每周锻炼3～4次的比例从22.7%上升到37.1%,每次锻炼时间在20min以上的比例从85.3%上升到94.7%,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01);饮食方面,如油盐摄入等变化不明显;体质指数(BMI)从(25.08±3.67)kg/m2降低到(24.74±3.56)kg/m2,超重(肥胖)比例由56.8%降低到52.2%,腰围(WC)从(87.40±10.08)cm降低到(86.14±9.02)cm;血压正常比例由53.6%升高到80.2%,空腹血糖正常比例由72.5%上升到77.9%,总胆固醇正常比例由43.7%上升到60.8%,甘油三酯正常比例由51.8%上升高到60.8%,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01,P<0.05)。结论个体化量化干预对无锡市社区早期慢性病患者干预效果显著,模式社区应在社区进一步开展。Objective To investigate the effects of individual intervention on patients with chronic diseases and high-risk individuals in community of Wuxi city,and to provide the references for establishing Wuxi model of chronic diseases management.Methods In present investigation 130 cases with hypertension,96 cases with type 2 diabetes mellitus and 14 individuals with high risk of chronic diseases were managed by individual intervention.Before and after intervention,the questionnaire physical and biochemical examinations were performed.Results After intervention,the physical activities of 222 cases were obviously improved,the proportion of cases with sitting for 4 h declined（form 56.2% to 46.9%）,the rate of taking exercise elevated from 71.8% to 93.3%,the proportion of cases taking exercise for 3 ～4 times increased from 22.7% to 37.1%,the proportion of cases taking exercise for 20 min each time enhanced from 85.3% to 94.7%（P0.01）.BMI and WC decreased from（25.08±3.67）kg/m 2 and（87.40±10.08）cm to（24.74±3.56）kg/m 2 and（86.14±9.02）cm（P0.01 or P0.05）,the proportion of cases with obesity declined from 56.8% to 52.2%（P0.05）.The proportions of cases with normal blood presure,normal fasting blood glucose（FPG） level,normal total cholesterol（TC） level and normal triglyceride（TG） level increased from 53.6%,72.5%,43.7% and 51.8% to 80.2%,77.9%,60.8% and 60.8%,respectively（P0.05 or P0.01）.Conclusion Individual intervention is effective for patients with chronic diseases and high-risk individuals,the mode should be developed in communities in Wuxi.

关 键 词：慢性病 个体化干预 社区 效果评价 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]