济南市城市社区50岁以上高血压患者服药情况及影响因素的研究  

Investigation of medication compliance and influence factors in senior citizens(over 50 years old) with hypertension in urban communities of Jinan

作　　者：徐志坚[1] 马伟[1] 王束玫[1] 伊向仁[2] 王淑康[1] 田吉明[2] 孙晓杰[3] 郑春梅[2] 宋亚佩[1] 张丙银[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东大学公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学研究所,山东省济南250012 [2]山东大学体育学院 [3]山东大学卫生管理与政策研究中心

出　　处：《中国慢性病预防与控制》2013年第4期433-436,共4页Chinese Journal of Prevention and Control of Chronic Diseases

基　　金：山东大学自主创新基金交叉学科培育项目(2010JC008)

摘　　要：目的了解济南市城市社区中老年高血压患者按时服药状况及其影响因素,为开展积极有效的健康干预活动提供可靠的理论依据。方法采用多级随机整群抽样的方法,在济南市随机抽取3个社区,497例50岁以上人群作为调查对象。通过问卷调查的方式收集基本人口学信息、健康行为、健康知识信息。结果调查了398例50岁以上的中老年高血压患者,遵医嘱服药率为84.7%。单因素分析表明,年龄、婚姻状况、高血压患病时间、吸烟状况、饮酒状况等与是否按时服药相关;多因素logistic分析结果显示,吸烟、情绪不稳定、在婚、血压测量频率低、患病时间短是影响中老年患者按时服药的主要因素。参与体格检查的人员中有219例按时服药,其中104例血压得到了控制,服药后患者的血压控制率为47.5%,而不服药患者的血压控制率为41.9%。结论济南市城市社区中老年高血压患者按时服药的比例较高,影响因素多为个体相关,开展有针对性的健康教育、加强相关健康知识普及、综合诊治对于改善中老年患者的服药行为和血压控制至关重要。Objective To investigate the situation and influencing factors of medication compliance in senior citizens（50 years old） with hypertension of urban communities in Jinan,and to provide the reliable evidence for health education.Methods Four hundred and ninety-seven senior citizens（50 years old）from three communities with similar socio-demographic information were selected by multiple cluster random sampling.The information of socio-demographic,health behavior and health knowledge were collected using structured questionnaire.Results The proportion of 398 patients with hypertension who took medicine on the basis of doctors＇advice was 84.7%.The single factor analysis indicated that age,marital status,length of disease,smoking and drinking were factors associated with medication compliance.The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that smoking,emotional instability,married,low frequency of measuring blood pressure and short length of disease were important influencing factors of medication compliance.In 219 hypertensive patients with physician examination,who took medication compliance,the blood pressure of 104 cases were controlled,the rate of controlling blood pressure is 47.5%.However,the rate of controlling blood pressure in cases without medication compliance was 41.9%（18/43）.Conclusion The proportion of good medication compliance among midaged patients with hypertension in urban communities of Jinan is relatively high.The influence factors of medication compliance are mostly related to individual characteristics.It is important for communities to launch individualized health education,which can improve the medication compliance and control the blood pressure in midaged patients with hypertension.

关 键 词：城市社区 高血压 服药行为 影响因素 

分 类 号：R544.1[医药卫生—心血管疾病]