沙尘天气过程对太湖北岸城市空气质量的影响  

Effects of sand dust weather on air quality of cities in north bank of Taihu Lake

作　　者：刘端阳 曹登峰 陈纾杨 周彬 夏健 钱昊钟 

机构地区：[1]江苏省无锡市气象局,江苏无锡214101

出　　处：《自然灾害学报》2013年第4期135-144,共10页Journal of Natural Disasters

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41005089);江苏省气象局预报员专项(201212;201204);江苏省科技支撑计划社会发展重大研究项目(BE2012771);公益性行业专项(GYHY201206011-04)

摘　　要：2011年5月1-2日的沙尘天气过程影响了黄海海区、山东、江苏、安徽等地,太湖北岸空气质量恶化。利用卫星监测图像、污染气体、污染颗粒物、能见度及气象探空资料分析了这次沙尘天气过程对太湖北岸城市不同粒径颗粒物和空气质量的影响,并讨论了这次沙尘天气过程产生的原因。结果显示,沙尘影响期间太湖北岸城市污染气体及污染颗粒物都出现了较大变化,PM10、PM2.5-10和PM2.5的最大值分别为505.6μg/m3、139.2μg/m3、和367.3μg/m3,比沙尘影响前增大了10倍、25倍和12倍;除NO2的变化趋势与污染颗粒物基本一致外,NO、SO2、O3、CO的变化则呈相反趋势。沙尘天气影响后,降雨pH值从4.9增大为6.42,由中度酸性转为中性,降雨电导率由87.5us/cm增大为162.7 us/cm,说明空气污染使雨水变脏。Dust storm at 1 - 2 May, and Jiangsu Province, and worsened 2011 influenced the Yellow Sea area, Shandong Province, Anhui Province, the air quality of cities on the north bank of Taihu Lake. In this research, using satellite monitoring images, air pollutant gas, pollutant particle visibilities and meteorological sounding data, the impacts of the sand dust weather on particles with different sizes and the air quality were analyzed, and the cause of this dust weather process was discussed as well. The results show that, the maximum concentrations of PM10, PM2.5-10 and PM25 are 505.6 μg/m3 ,139.2 μg/m3, and 367.3 μg/m3 respectively, and increased by 11 times, 26 times and 13 times , respectively compared to the situation before the dust storm. NO2 mass concentration has the similar variation tendency with that of pollutant particles, but NO, SO2 , opposite tendencies. The pH values of precipitation changed from 4.9 before dust storm to 6. 03, and CO show 42 after the storm, suggesting the rainwater changed from moderately acid to neutral. The electrical conductivity of precipitation varied from 87.5 us/em to 162.7 us/cm, illustrating that the air pollution made the rainwater dirty.

关 键 词：沙尘 空气污染 PM2 5 PM10 太湖北岸 

分 类 号：X51[环境科学与工程—环境工程]