硫包膜和树脂包膜控释尿素混施对土壤氮素代谢及番茄品质的影响  

Effects of Sulfur-coated and Resin-coated Controlled Release Urea Fertilizer Mixture on Nitrogen Metabolism of Soil and Quality of Tomato

作　　者：丁坤[1] 王秀峰[1,2] 杨凤娟[1,2] 张民[3,4] 魏珉[1,2] 史庆华[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学园艺科学与工程学院,山东泰安271018 [2]作物生物学国家重点实验室,山东泰安271018 [3]国家缓控释肥工程技术研究中心,山东泰安271018 [4]山东农业大学资源与环境学院,山东泰安271018

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2013年第4期147-152,共6页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金："十二五"国家科技支撑计划(2011BAD11B01;2011BAD11B02;2011BAD12B04)

摘　　要：在日光温室盆栽条件下,研究尿素(U)、硫包膜控释尿素(SCU,控释期4个月)和树脂包膜控释尿素(RCU,控释期6个月)混施(各提供一半氮素)在同等氮素及减氮30%和50%条件下,对土壤氮素代谢及番茄品质的影响。结果表明,所有取样时期,番茄植株干物质质量、土壤碱解氮含量及酶活性均随氮素用量减少而降低。同等氮素条件下,定植30d后,硫包膜和树脂包膜控释尿素混施处理下,番茄植株干物质质量、土壤碱解氮含量、土壤脲酶和硝酸还原酶活性均低于尿素处理;定植60d和90d后,硫包膜和树脂包膜控释尿素混施处理下,其上述指标均高于尿素,定植60d后,在减氮30%条件下,其番茄植株干物质质量、土壤碱解氮含量、土壤脲酶、硝酸还原酶、亚硝酸还原酶和羟胺还原酶活性与100%尿素用量处理无显著差异;且所有取样时期,硫包膜和树脂包膜控释尿素混施处理下,其土壤亚硝酸还原酶和羟胺还原酶活性均高于尿素处理。同等氮素条件下,硫包膜和树脂包膜控释尿素混施能有效降低番茄果实中硝酸盐含量,提高其维生素C含量和糖酸比,说明能改善番茄果实品质。In the condition of potting planting in the greenhouse, effects of urea （U） , sulfur-coated （SCU,controlled release period for four months） and resin-coated（RCU, controlled release period for six months）controlled release urea fertilizer mixture （each provides the same nitrogen respectively） of the same nitrogen,30% and 50% nitrogen reducing level on nitrogen metabolism of soil and quality of tomato were studied. The results showed that at all sampling periods, plant dry mass,alkalized N con- tent and nitrogen metabolism-related enzyme activities of soil decreased with the reduction of nitrogen application amount. Under the same nitrogen level,30 days after planting plant dry mass,alkalized N content,the activities of UR and NR of SCU and RCU controlled release urea fertilizer mixture werelower than that in the treatment of U% 60 and 90 days after planting,all the indexes of SCU and RCU controlled release urea fertilizer mixture were higher than that in the treatment of U. Besides,60 days after planting,under 30% nitrogen reducing level of SCU and RCU controlled release urea fertilizer mixture, plant dry mass , alkalized N content, the activities of UR, NR, NiR and HyR had no signifi- cant difference with that under 100% U;at all sampling periods,the activities of NIR and HyR of SCU and RCU controlled release urea fertilizer mixture were higher than that in the treatment of U. SCU and RCU controlled release urea fertilizer mixture effectively decreased the nitrate content of tomato and increased vitamin C content and sugar-acid rate,which indicated that SCU and RCU controlled re- lease urea fertilizer mixture could improve fruit quality.

关 键 词：番茄 硫包膜控释尿素 树脂包膜控释尿素 混施 土壤酶活性 品质 

分 类 号：S641.2[农业科学—蔬菜学] S153[农业科学—园艺学]