机构地区:[1]安徽医科大学第二附属医院麻醉科,合肥230601 [2]安徽医科大学第三附属医院合肥市第一人民医院麻醉科
出 处:《国际麻醉学与复苏杂志》2013年第6期481-483,564,共4页International Journal of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation
摘 要:目的 探讨右美托咪定(dexmedetomidine,DEX)联合异丙酚对等效剂量芬太尼和舒芬太尼诱发呛咳的影响.方法 200例拟行全麻气管插管的择期手术患者,美国麻醉医师协会(ASA)分级Ⅰ或Ⅱ级,年龄18岁~65岁,随机数字表法随机分为4组(每组50例):对照组(C1组、C2组)全麻诱导前静脉输注生理盐水0.15 ml/kg+脂肪乳0.1ml/kg;DEX联合异丙酚组(DP1组、DP2组)全麻诱导前静脉输注DEX 0.6 μg/kg+异丙酚1 mg/kg.1 min后,C1组、DP1组静脉5s注射芬太尼4μg/kg,C2组、DP2组静脉5s注射舒芬太尼0.5 μg/kg.记录注射芬太尼或舒芬太尼后1min内呛咳的发生情况和强度.之后继续全麻诱导及气管插管.记录各组静脉给药前(To)、气管插管前(T1)、气管插管后(T2)的收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)和心率(HR). 结果C1组、DP1组、C2组及DP2组呛咳发生率分别为:40%、0、24%、0.与C1组和C2组比较,DP1组、DP2组呛咳发生率明显降低(P<0.01),但呛咳程度差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).T1时,与C1组SBP[(94±13)mm Hg(1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa)]、DBP[(56±9) mm Hg]和C2组SBP[(92±14) mm Hg]、DBP[(55±10) mm Hg]比较,DP1组SBP[(114±13) mm Hg]、DBP[(70±10) mm Hg]和DP2组SBP[(116±15) mm Hg]、DBP[(72±10)mm Hg]升高(P<0.01);T1、T2时,与C1组HR[(68±11)次/min和(80±15)次/min]和C2组HR[(71±18)次/min和(84±17)次min]比较,DP1组HR[(62±11)次/min和(65±10)次/min]、DP2组HR[(61±8)次/min和(65±9) 次/min]降低(P<0.01);与T1时C1组SBP[(94±13) mm Hg]、DBP[(56±9)mm Hg]和C2组SBP[(92±14) mm Hg]、DBP[(55±10) mm Hg]比较,T2时C1组SBP[(122±22) mm Hg]、DBP[(76±16) mm Hg]和C2组SBP[(117±20) mm Hg]、DBP[(76±14) mm Hg]升高(P<0.01). 结论静脉注射DEX 0.6 μg/kg联合异丙酚1 mg/kg可完全抑制等效剂量芬太尼和舒芬太尼诱发呛咳的发生,并可使患者�Objective To investigate the effect of dexmedetomidine(DEX)-propofol in suppressing the response of cough by equipotent boluses of fentanyl and sufentanil.Methods A total of 200 patients of ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ,aged 18 y-65 y undergoing elective surgery were randomized into four groups of 50 each,using computer-generated random numbers.Group C1 or Group C2:normal saline 0.15 ml/kg+intralipid 0.1 ml/kg,group DP1 or group DP2:DEX 0.6 μg/kg+propofol 1 mg/kg.1 min after receiving drugs mentioned before,patients in group C1 or group DP1 received iv.fentanyl (4 μg/kg) and patients in group C2 or group DP2 received iv sufentanil (0.5 μg/kg).After fentanyl administration,the onset time and the severity of cough for 1 min were recorded.Severity of coughing was graded as mild (1-2),moderate (3-5) and severe (〉5) based on the number of coughs.Induction of general anesthesia was continued with sufficient propofol and vecuronium 0.12 mg/kg,then tracheal intubation was performed by a practiced anesthesiologist.BP and HR were recorded before infusion (T0),before intubation (T1) and after intubation (T2).Results The incidence of coughing was higher in group C1 (20/50,40%) or group C2 (12/50,24%) than in group DP1 (0/50,P〈0.01) or group DP2 (0/50,P〈0.01).However,no difference in the severity of cough between group C1 and group C2 (P〉0.05).Conclusions With group C1-2,SBP and DBP of group DP1-2 was significantly increased in T1,[(94±13) mm Hg(1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa) and (92±14) mm Hg vs (114±13) mm Hg and (116±15) mm Hg; (56±9) mm Hg and (55±10) mm Hg vs (70±10) mm Hg and (72±10) mm Hg] (P〈0.01); but HR decreased significantly in T1-2 [(62±11) bpm and (65±10) bpm or (61±8) bpm and (65±9) bpm vs (68±11) bpm and (80± 15) bpm or (71 ± 18) bpm and (84± 17) bpm] (P〈0.01),Compared with T1,SBP and DBP of group C1-2 increased significantly in T2[(122±22) mm Hg vs (94±13) m
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