亚低温及水分双因素对番茄幼苗生理特性的影响  

Effects of sub-low temperature and water double factors on physiological properties of tomato seedling

作　　者：徐菲[1] 李建明[1] 赵志华[1] 张大龙[1] 李俊[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学园艺学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《西北农林科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2013年第5期127-135,共9页Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家高新技术研究与发展计划("863"计划)项目(2011AA100504);国家"十二五"科技支撑计划项目(2011BAD12B03-3)

摘　　要：【目的】探索亚低温及水分双因素对番茄幼苗生理特性的影响,为亚低温条件下培育番茄壮苗和节水灌溉提供理论基础。【方法】以番茄为材料,在温室内采用盆栽方式,以适温(18～30℃)环境为对照,研究亚低温(4～20℃)条件下,分别灌以蒸腾蒸发量(ET)60%,80%,100%和120%的水分后,对温室番茄幼苗叶片硝酸还原酶活性、可溶性糖和蛋白含量、光合特性及叶绿素荧光参数的影响。【结果】与适温环境相比,在4种灌溉条件下,亚低温均抑制了番茄幼苗的生长,使番茄幼苗叶片硝酸还原酶活性降低,可溶糖含量升高,可溶性蛋白含量降低,净光合速率降低,水分利用效率升高,叶绿素荧光参数中的光系统Ⅱ最大量子效率(Fv/Fm)、光系统Ⅱ的实际量子效率(ΦPSⅡ)、光化学淬灭系数(qP)略有升高,初始荧光(Fo)和非光化学淬灭系数(NPQ)降低。【结论】总体认为,补充100%ET的水分有利于番茄幼苗适应亚低温环境。【Objective】 This study explored the sub-low temperature and water double factors on physiological characteristics of young tomato plants in greenhouse.【Method】 With potted tomato plants in greenhouse as the experiment material,and with the plant under normal temperature（18-30 ℃） as control treatment,the influences of sub-low temperature（4-20 ℃） and supplementary ET irrigation amount（60%,80%,100% and 120%） on the physiological and biochemical indices,photosynthetic characteristics and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of young tomato plants were analyzed.【Result】 Compared with normal condition,and under the four irrigation conditions,sub-low temperature restrained the growth of tomato seedlings,reduced nitrate reductase activity,soluble protein content,photosynthetic rate（Pn）,Fo and NPQ but increased the content of soluble sugar,water use efficiency,Fv/Fm、ΦPSⅡ and qP.The influence of temperature on the young tomato plants was larger than water.【Conclusion】 Increasing irrigation by 100% ET helps the tomato seedlings to adapt sub-low temperature environment.

关 键 词：亚低温及水分双因素 番茄幼苗 硝酸还原酶 光合作用 叶绿素荧光参数 

分 类 号：S641.226.4[农业科学—蔬菜学]