卫星姿态对JASON-2卫星精密定轨影响分析  

Effect Analysis of Attitude on Orbit Determination of JASON-2 Satellite

作　　者：盛传贞[1,2] 甘卫军[1] 赵春梅[2] 陈为涛[1] 孙保琪[3] 梁诗明[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国地震局地质研究所地震动力学国家重点实验室,北京100029 [2]中国测绘科学研究院大地测量研究所,北京100830 [3]中国科学院国家授时中心,陕西临潼710600

出　　处：《吉林大学学报（信息科学版）》2013年第3期228-234,共7页Journal of Jilin University（Information Science Edition）

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41174082;41074012;41074001)

摘　　要：针对因姿态不稳定性对轨道的影响而难以评估的问题,详细讨论了卫星的姿态模型,推导了卫星姿态变化对观测值影响的解析表达式。模拟试验结果表明,随着姿态不稳定性加剧,轨道精度随之急剧下降,另一方面姿态不稳定会随坐标轴不同而对轨道精度产生不同影响。为获得高精度的卫星轨道,需要卫星姿态稳定性满足一定的要求,尤其是相位中心偏大的坐标轴方向,以JASON-2为例,姿态在轴向变化必须稳定在2°内。基于JASON-2实测姿态计算表明,该卫星姿态稳定性处在1°左右,对轨道精度影响为0.036 m。该模拟实验方法为评估姿态稳定性对卫星精密轨道的影响提供了有效的方法。Regarding to the difficulty of assessing the impact of attitude instability on the orbit, the simulation experiment has been designed to solve this problem, the attitude model of JASON-2 altimeter satellite is discussed, and the mathematical expression for effect of attitude variation on observational data is deduced. The simulation experiment results show that with the attitude instability increases gradually, orbit accuracy will accordingly drop rapidly. Another effect of attitude instability on the orbit accuracy embodies that attitude instability in different axis will have different impact on orbit accuracy. Therefore, to obtain high-accuracy orbit, the satellite attitude stability needs to meet certain requirement, especially for the coordinate axis with a bigger phase center bias. Taking JASON-2 for instance, the attitude variation should be smaller than 2~ in this axis. JASON-2-based actual measured calculation shows that attitude variation is around 1 ~, with an effect of 0.036 m on orbit accuracy. This simulation experiment has provided a feasible way for assessing the influence of attitude stability on accurate orbit for China HY-2 altimeter satellite.

关 键 词：精度分析 姿态 相位中心 JASON-2 精密轨道确定 

分 类 号：TN959[电子电信—信号与信息处理]