肺癌化疗患者医院感染的病原菌分布及预防对策  

Pathogens causing nosocomial infections in lung cancer chemotherapy patients and prevention countermeasures

作　　者：孙晶波 孙玲 冯春玲 高莹 

机构地区：[1]齐齐哈尔市医学院第二附属医院胸外科,黑龙江齐齐哈尔161006

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2013年第16期3883-3885,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

基　　金：齐齐哈尔市科技局基金项目(9232011Y0490-06)

摘　　要：目的探讨肺癌化疗患者医院感染的病原菌构成、耐药性以及预防措施,以有效改善患者的短期生活质量及肺功能状况。方法收集2005年6月-2012年6月120例行化疗肺癌患者临床资料,进行病原菌检测及药敏试验,对医院感染率、感染发生部位、病原菌构成、耐药性及护理预防的结果进行分析。结果 120例肺癌患者发生感染58例,感染率为48.33%;感染主要发生在呼吸道、口咽部、泌尿道及胃肠道等部位,以呼吸道感染最多29例占50.00%;共检出病原菌58株,其中革兰阴性菌42株占72.41%,革兰阳性菌12株与真菌4株,分别占20.69%与6.90%;多数病原菌对青霉素、林可霉素以及环丙沙星等耐药率较高;护理预防前后患者短期生活质量及肺功能差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论对化疗后合并医院感染的肺癌患者的痰菌及药敏结果进行分析,实施科学、合理的护理措施,能够有效改善患者的短期生活质量及肺功能。OBJECTIVE To investigate the distribution of the pathogens causing nosocomial infections in the lung cancer chemotherapy patients,observe the drug resistance,and explore the nursing countermeasures so as to improve the short-term life quality as well as the lung function.METHODS The clinical data of 120cases of lung cancer patients who received the chemotherapy from Jun 2005to Jun 2012were collected,then the detection of pathogens and the drug susceptibility testing were performed,and the incidence of nosocomial infections,infection sites,distribution of pathogens,drug resistance,and nursing interventions were analyzed.RESULTS Of totally 120cases of lung cancer patients,the infections occurred in 58cases with the infection rate of 48.33%.The respiratory tract,gastrointestinal tract,pharynx,and urinary tract were the main infection sites,there were 29（50.00%）cases of patients with respiratory tract infections.Totally 58strains of pathogens were isolated,among which there were 42（72.41%）strains of gram-negative bacteria,12（20.69%）strains of gram-positive bacteria,and 4（6.90%）strians of fungi.Most of the pathogens were highly resistant to penicillin,lincomycin,and ciprofloxacin;the difference in the short-term life quality or the lung function between before and after the nursing prevention was significant（P0.05）.CONCLUSIONTo analyze the result of sputum culture or the drug susceptibility testing for the lung cancer chemotherapy patients complicated with nosocomial infections and implement the scientific and reasonable nursing interventions can effectively improve the short-term life quality as well as the lung function.

关 键 词：肺癌 化疗 医院感染 护理预防 

分 类 号：R181.32[医药卫生—流行病学]