农作物秸秆热解多联产技术的应用  

Application of cogeneration technology of gas-liquid-solid products pyrolyzed from crop straw

作　　者：刘标[1] 陈应泉[1] 何涛 杨海平[1] 王贤华[1] 陈汉平[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学煤燃烧国家重点实验室,武汉430074 [2]武汉天颖环境工程有限公司,武汉430074

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2013年第16期213-219,共7页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(50930006和51021065);国家支撑计划课题(2011BAD15B05-03);华中科技大学校基金(2011TS077)

摘　　要：农作物秸秆是重要的可再生能源,开发先进高效的秸秆利用技术,有助于缓解能源危机,增加废弃物资源的二次化利用,降低环境污染。该文介绍了一种新型的农作物秸秆固定床干馏釜气固液联产技术,并以湖北省天门市杨林办集中供气示范站为商业化运行典型案例进行了经济效益分析。农作物秸秆固定床干馏釜气固液联产技术可以同时产出中等热值(8～12MJ/m3)的民用燃气和低位发热量达到28MJ/kg的生物质焦炭,此外还有一定应用潜力的木焦油和木醋液。现有规模商业化运行,电价和用工成本的大幅上升降低了集中供气示范站的经济效益。To improve the standard of living in rural areas, many distributed gas stations were constructed in Hubei province, and these stations were based on the biomass-polygeneration technology which could produce charcoal, fuel gas and bio-oil simultaneously. This paper presented a theoperational process and the character of products of a typical station. The gas station consisted of a biomass pretreatment system, retort equipment, condensation and purification system, gas storage tank, and pipeline. At first, agricultural straws were dried until their moisture content was below 12%. Subsequently, the dried straws were briquetted, and these briquettes were placed in an orderly manner in the retort equipment. The fuel gas or straws were combusted to supply heat for the pyrolysis process of the briquettes. A complete pyrolysis process would take above 8 hours. At the beginning of 2-3 hours, a large amount of water was formed from external water and bound water when the temperature was controlled below 250℃. At this stage, the gas product consisted of CO 2 , CO, and water vapor, and the heat value was rather lower, therefore, these gases would combust. After the gas product was heated about 5~6 hours, the temperature of the retort was up to 600℃, then, the straw briquettes degraded rapidly, and a large amount of volatiles generated which would be removed from the retort equipment to a condensation and purification system. Simultaneously, charcoal was formed and the residue volume was only 30% to 40% of the original briquette because of the released volatiles. At the last 2-3 hours, the retort was retained at 600℃, then the charcoal would be further upgraded and a small amount of liquid product and gaseous products would be generated. The temperature of fresh volatiles out of the retort was up to 450℃, and then these fresh volatiles would cool down to room temperature by condensation and purification. The bio-oil and fuel gas were separated from the volatiles, and the bio-oil was further separated into wood tar and

关 键 词：秸秆 农作物 热解 集中供气 经济效益 案例分析 

分 类 号：TK16[动力工程及工程热物理—热能工程]