上海市闵行区暗娼与普通妇女艾滋病相关知识、行为特征的比较研究  

Comparative study on the HIV/AIDS related knowledge,attitude and behaviors between prostitutes and general women in Minhang district of Shanghai

作　　者：严瑾[1] 褚委丽 林菲菲[2] 张铁军[2] 

机构地区：[1]上海市闵行区江川社区卫生服务中心,200240 [2]复旦大学公共卫生学院公共卫生安全教育部重点实验室

出　　处：《中国妇幼保健》2013年第24期4010-4013,共4页Maternal and Child Health Care of China

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金〔10FX058〕

摘　　要：目的:探讨暗娼人群与普通妇女在艾滋病(AIDS)相关知识、态度和行为特征上的差异,为今后开展有针对性的干预措施提供依据。方法:采用整群随机抽样方法于2011年9～12月间在上海闵行区招募暗娼和普通妇女各150名,通过问卷调查了解人口学特征、AIDS知晓情况、危险行为发生情况及AIDS相关卫生服务资源的利用情况,并进行比较分析。结果:暗娼组和普通妇女组的年龄、民族、婚姻状况分布无统计学差异,暗娼组受教育程度较低(P<0.01)。暗娼组对AIDS知识总知晓率及对艾滋病病毒(HIV)感染者态度得分显著高于普通妇女组(P<0.01),在过去12个月中,暗娼组在提供性服务时坚持使用安全套比例为76.7%,而两组人群在固定性伴发生性行为时,坚持安全套率比例均较低(19.7%及14.0%)。暗娼组接触AIDS相关防治信息的比例高于普通妇女组(68.7%及30.0%,P<0.01),且来源广泛;暗娼组对AIDS自愿咨询检测的知晓和利用均显著高于普通妇女组(42.0%及15.3%,P<0.01;17.3%及0.6%,P<0.01)。结论:暗娼组AIDS知识相对较高,但高危性行为发生率亦较高,而普通妇女组AIDS知识相对不足,且危险性行为普通存在;两组人群对AIDS相关卫生服务利用均不充分,应根据不同人群的知识-态度-行为特征进行针对性的、不同侧重点的干预。Objective： To explore the differences in HIV/AIDS knowledge, attitude and knowledge between prostitutes and general women, and provide reference for conducting specific HIV/AIDS intervention in target populations. Methods： From September to December in 2012, 150 prostitutes and 150 general women were recruited by cluster sampling method in Minhang district of Shanghai. Soci - demo- graphic information, HIV/AIDS related knowledge, attitude and behaviors of participants were collected and compared. Results： There were no differences in age, ethnicity or marital status between prostitute and general women groups, while the prostitute had a lower educa- tion level （P 〈0. 01 ） . The prostitutes showed high HIV/AIDS knowledge rate and positive attitude towards HIV positive individuals com- pared with general women group （ P 〈 0. 01 ） . In the past 12 months, consistent condom usage for commercial sexual contact among prosti- tutes group was 76. 7% , whereas this rate was relatively low with regards to permanent sexual partners in prostitues and gerneral women group （ 19.7% vs 14. 0% ） . The prostitutes group had a higher proportion of access to HIV/AIDS intervention information than general women group （68.7% vs 30.0% , P 〈0. 01） , and the information sources were more diverse. Moreover, the awareness and uptake of vol- untary counseling and testing （VCT） was significantly higher in the prostitute group （42. 0% vs 15.3% , P 〈 0. 01 ; 17.3% vs 0. 6% P 〈 0. 01 ） . Conclusign： I^rostitute group showe a high level of HIV/AIDS knowledge, whereas the high -risk sexual behaviors are preva- lent. Meanwhile, the general women group has a relatively low level of HIV/AIDS knowledge, and risk behaviors are prevalent as well. Mo-reover, usage of health service are insufficient in both groups. Further intervention should be tailored for target population, considering their characteristics of cognition, behaviors and message sources.

关 键 词：艾滋病 知识-态度-行为 暗娼 普通妇女 

分 类 号：R173[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]