不同地力条件下苏薯8号的养分吸收与氮肥推荐研究  

Study on Nutrient Uptakes and Nitrogen Recommended Application Rates of Sushu No. 8 Under Different Soil Fertilities

作　　者：曹炳阁[1,2] 张辉[2,3] 张永春[2,3] 宁运旺[2,3] 王道中[4] 陈巍[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学资源与环境科学学院,南京210095 [2]江苏省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所,南京210014 [3]农业部江苏耕地保育科学观测实验站,南京210014 [4]安徽省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所,合肥230031

出　　处：《土壤》2013年第4期598-603,共6页Soils

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金项目(CARS-11-B-15);江苏省农业科技自主创新资金项目(cx(11)4062);IPNI国际合作项目(JIANGSU-11)资助

摘　　要：利用大田试验研究了两种地力条件下不同氮肥用量对甘薯产量、氮磷钾养分吸收规律和氮肥利用率、农学效率以及经济效益的影响。结果表明：苏薯8号的生物量、产量、增产量、养分吸收量和氮肥利用率、农学效率均为高地力高于低地力；在两个地力条件下，苏薯8号的藤蔓鲜重随施氮水平的升高而增大，而薯块鲜重和薯蔓比则随施氮水平增加而呈先升后降的趋势；产量、增产量和氮肥利用率随施氮量的增加先增后降，而农学效率则随施氮量的增加逐渐降低；低地力条件下生产100kg薯干氮磷钾的吸收总量为5．46蚝，比例为N：P205：K2O=1．00：0．32：1．03，高地力条件下生产100kg薯干氮磷钾吸收总量为7．09kg，比例为N：P205：K20；1．00：0．43：1．39；综合考虑产量、氮肥利用率以及经济效益，低地力土壤推荐施氮量为N95—110kg／hm^2，高地力土壤推荐施氮量为N110～120kg／hm^2。A field experiment was conducted to study the effects of different application rates of nitrogen fertilizer on yield, mineral nutrient uptake, nitrogen use efficiency, agronomic efficiency and economic benefit under two soil fertility conditions. The results showed that all of biomass, yield, increased yield, nutrient uptake, nitrogen use efficiency and agronomic efficiency for Sushu No.8 were greater in the high fertility soil compared with the low one. In the two fertility soils, the fresh weight of stems and leaves increased with the increase of nitrogen application, the fresh weight of root and the vine-tuber ratio increased firstly and then dropped with the increase of nitrogen application. With the increase of nitrogen application, nitrogen use efficiency, yield and increasing unit of Sushu No.8 firstly increased and then dropped, but nitrogen agronomic efficiency gradually reduced. In the condition of low fertility soil, a total of 5.46 kg of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers was needed to produce every 100 kg dry tubers of sweet potato, with a ratio ofN ： P205 ： K20=1.00 ： 0.32 ： 1.03, however, in the high fertility soil, a total of 7.09 kg of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers was needed with a ratio of N ： P2O5 ： K2O=1.00 ： 0.43 ： 1.39. Considering the yield, nitrogen use efficiency and economic benefits, we recommended that N 95-110 kg/hm^2 and 110 -120 kg/hm^2 should be applied for the low and high fertility soils, respectively.

关 键 词：地力 产量 氮肥利用率 农学效率 施氮量 

分 类 号：S531.01[农业科学—作物学]