连作对玉米制种田土壤养分和土壤酶活性的影响  

Effects of Continuous Cropping on Soil Nutrient and Enzyme Activities of Corn-seed Field Soil

作　　者：程红玉[1] 肖占文[1] 秦嘉海[1] 王瑞[1] 

机构地区：[1]河西学院农业与生物技术学院,甘肃张掖734000

出　　处：《土壤》2013年第4期623-627,共5页Soils

基　　金：甘肃省科技支撑项目(1011NKCG081);甘肃省高校河西走廊特色资源利用重点实验室面上项目(XZ0701)资助

摘　　要：通过对河西走廊玉米制种田不同连作年限土壤样品的采集和测试分析,研究了连作对玉米制种田土壤养分及土壤酶活性的影响。结果表明:随着连作年限的延长,灌淤旱耕人为土和盐积潮湿变性土pH均在升高,而有机质含量均呈先下降后上升的趋势,碱解氮含量均呈增加趋势,而速效磷含量先上升后下降并且两类土均在连作5年达到最大值,速效钾含量均呈下降趋势;灌淤旱耕人为土和盐积潮湿变性土脲酶活性均呈先上升后下降的趋势,两类土分别在连作5年和3年达到最大值;蔗糖酶活性先下降后上升,两类土分别在连作5年和3年降为最低,而过氧化氢酶活性在灌淤旱耕人为土上先下降后上升,在盐积潮湿变性土上呈缓慢上升趋势;同一连作年限,灌淤旱耕人为土脲酶活性、过氧化氢酶活性高于盐积潮湿变性土;相关性分析表明,灌淤旱耕人为土脲酶活性与速效磷含量,蔗糖酶活性与有机质含量呈显著正相关;盐积潮湿变性土过氧化氢酶活性与碱解氮含量呈极显著正相关,与速效磷和速效钾含量呈显著负相关。The effects of soil nutrients and enzyme activities under continuous cropping were investigated by collecting and analyzing soil samples from corn-seed fields in Hexi Corridor. The results showed that with the increase of continuous cropping time, the pH of both Siltigi-Orthic Anthrosols （SOA） and Sali-Aquic Vertosols （SAV） increased, organic matter decreased first and then increased, available nitrogen increased, available phosphorus increased first and then decreased and it reached the maximum in the 5a, available potassium decreased. The urease activity increased first and then decreased, it reached the maximum in the 5a for SOA and in the 3a for SAV; the sucrase activity decreased first and then increased, it reduced to the minimum in the 5a for SOA and in the 3a for SAV, the catalase activity of SOA decreased first and then increased while that of SAV increased slowly. In same continuous cropping years, the activities of urease and catalases of SOA were higher than those of SAV. There were significant positive correlation between urease activity and available phosphorus, sucrase activity and organic matter of SOA, extremely significant positive correlation between catalase activity and available nitrogent, but negative correlation between catalase activity and available phosphorus, available potassium of SAV.

关 键 词：连作 玉米制种田 土壤养分 酶活性 

分 类 号：S153.6[农业科学—土壤学] S154.2[农业科学—农业基础科学]