“中等强国”澳大利亚的海军政策与实力及其对中国的影响  

“Middle Power” Australia’s Naval Policy and Strength and Its Impact on China

作　　者：杨小辉[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海政法学院国际事务与公共管理学院,上海201701

出　　处：《上海交通大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2013年第4期34-47,共14页Journal of Shanghai Jiao tong University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

基　　金：上海市教委科研创新项目(10YS225)

摘　　要：澳大利亚政府在2009年和2013年国防白皮书中详细阐述了自身的"四环战略利益体系",从而将"中等强国"的理念真正落实到了国防政策与海军建设规划之中。为保障澳自身安全和战略利益,澳政府推行"同盟框架下的自主国防"战略,一方面极力强化澳美同盟关系,另一方面则通过加强自身独立的军事力量,增强澳皇家海军应对武装冲突的能力。事实上,随着中国的崛起,中澳反倒陷入一种"共同利益越多,共同价值观却越少"的困境。澳方对中国崛起充满战略疑虑,于是在政治和军事上日益倒向美国。针对这种态势,一方面我们应该稳定中美关系,争取在已有的战略与经济对话之外补充安全对话;另一方面则应大力加强海军建设,增强保卫自身海上生命线的能力。此外,我们还应通过陆权战略来对冲在海洋上遭遇的风险,最重要的是要让从中国经济发展过程中获益良多的国家明白,不能既从政治上疏远中国又在安全上防范中国。In the new century, since Australian Labor government came into power, it proactively proposed the concept of ＂creative middle power diplomacy＂ and described the ＂four strategic interests system＂ in detail in the defense white papers released in 2009 and 2013. The idea of ＂middle powers＂ is truly implemented in the national defense policy and naval construction plan. In order to guarantee Australia＇s security and strategic interests, the Australian government pursued the strategy of self-defense under the alliance framework. On the one hand, the Australian government strived to strengthen the alliance between Australia and the United States. On the other hand, it enhanced its Royal Navy＇s ability to respond to armed conflict by reinforcing its own independent military force. In fact, as China continues to rise, the Sino-Australian relations have actually fallen into a dilemma of ＂more common interests, less common values＂. Concerned about China＇s rise, Australia gradually tilts towards the United States both politically and militarily. In view of this strategic situation, for one thing, China should stabilize Sino-US relations, and strive for additional security dialogue beyond the existing strategic and economic dialogue; for another, China should vigorously strengthen the Navy construction, and improve the ability to defend its own maritime lifeline. In addition, China should also hedge the risks encountered on the ocean through land power strategy. What is the most important is that, China should make those countries understand that if they expect continued benefits from China＇s economic development, they should not alienate China in politics and be on guard of it in security.

关 键 词：中等强国 “同盟框架下的自主国防” 澳美同盟 

分 类 号：E611[军事—军事理论]