医院感染非发酵革兰阴性杆菌的分布与耐药性分析  

Distribution and drug resistance of clinical common non-fermentative gram-negative bacilli

作　　者：王锦[1] 李峰[1] 郭普[1] 张凡[1] 谢昌霞[1] 钟政荣[1] 

机构地区：[1]蚌埠医学院第一附属医院检验科,安徽蚌埠233004

出　　处：《蚌埠医学院学报》2013年第6期756-758,共3页Journal of Bengbu Medical College

摘　　要：目的:了解医院感染非发酵革兰阴性(G-)杆菌的临床分布特点及耐药性,为临床合理使用抗生素提供依据。方法:将各类临床标本中分离的728株非发酵G-杆菌进行统计和耐药性分析,细菌鉴定和药敏分析采用纸片琼脂扩散法和最小抑菌浓度法,按美国临床实验室标准化委员会制定的标准判断。结果:728株非发酵G-杆菌中,居前4位的依次为鲍曼不动杆菌330株,铜绿假单胞菌290株,嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌38株,洋葱伯克霍尔德菌38株。分布在呼吸系统为543株,以重症监护治疗病房最多,共308株。铜绿假单胞菌对亚胺培南、头孢哌酮/舒巴坦、哌拉西林/他唑巴坦耐药率低于30%;鲍曼不动杆菌耐药率最低的是米诺环素为31.2%,其次为头孢哌酮/舒巴坦为53.94%;嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌耐药率最低的是米诺环素为5.3%;洋葱伯克霍尔德菌对复方磺胺甲口恶唑、米诺环素耐药率较低,分别为21.05%、15.8%。结论:不同菌种的非发酵G-杆菌对药物的敏感性有较大差异。Objective： To monitor the distribution and drug resistance of clinical isolated common non-fermentative Gram-negative bacilli, so as to provide basis for appropriate use of antibiotics in clinic, Methods：The 728 strains common non-fermentative gram- negative bacilli were collected and their antimicrobial susceptibility was studied. The identification and drug susceptibility tests were detected by paper-disc agar-diffusion method and minimal inhibitory concentration method. The results were evaluated in accordance with the standard of American Clinical Laboratory Information Systems. Results： In the 728 strains non-fermentative Gram-negative bacilli,the dominant four strains were Acinetobacter baumannii （330 strains） firstly, Pseudomonas aeruginaosa （290 strains）, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia （38 strains） and Burkholderia cepacia （also 38 strains）. The main bacterias were most from sputum system,totally 543 strains and the most distribution were detected in intensive care unit （308 strains ）. The resistant rates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to imipenem, cefoperaxone/sulbactam, piperacillin/tazobactam were all less than 30%. The resistant rates of Acinetobacter baumannii were 31.2% to minocycline ,53. 94% to cefoperaxone/sulbactam and all lower than others. The resistant rate of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia to minocycline was 5.3%. The resistant rates of Burkholderia cepacia to cotrimoxazole and minocycline were lower than others ,21.05% and 15.8% respectively. Conclusions ： Different kinds of nonfermentative Gram-negative bacilli had a greater difference in drug sensitivity.

关 键 词：非发酵菌 革兰阴性杆菌 耐药率 药物敏感性试验 

分 类 号：R378[医药卫生—病原生物学]