山东省艾滋病流行特征及流行趋势分析  

Analysis on the characteristic and trend of AIDS epidemics in Shandong

作　　者：黄涛[1] 刘传新[1] 苏生利[1] 傅继华[1] 刘学真[1] 康殿民[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东省卫生防疫站病毒科,济南250014

出　　处：《中华流行病学杂志》2000年第5期338-340,共3页Chinese Journal of Epidemiology

摘　　要：目的　了解山东省艾滋病的流行特征、感染来源及发展规律 ,为制定山东省艾滋病的防治目标和策略提供依据。方法　采用酶联免疫吸附试验 (ELISA)、免疫印迹试验 (WB) ,对高危重点人群血液标本进行人免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV)抗体检测 ,对抗 HIV阳性标本进行个案流行病学调查 ,同时重新采集血液标本核实感染者 ,并从防凝全血中分离单核细胞 (PBMC) ,提取前病毒DNA ,经多聚酶链反应扩增 ,进行基因序列测定和亚型分析。结果　从 1987年到 1999年底 ,全省共检测 80 5 80 1份标本 ,检出HIV抗体阳性 5 2份 ,检出率为 0 .0 6‰ ,其中艾滋病病人 2例 ,均已死亡。对 2 4份感染者的PBMC进行序列测定和亚型分析 ,HIV 1M亚群共有 5种基因亚型 :A、B、B’、C和E ,分布在全省的 7个市地 ,以采供血 (浆 )和性途径传播为主 ,分别占 5 9 6 2 %和 30 76 %。其中 13名有偿供血(浆 )者均为B’(泰国B)亚型 ,10名回国劳工及 1名劳工配偶中有 6名为C亚型 ,2名B亚型 ,A、E亚型各 1名。结论　流行病学资料分析表明 ,大多数感染者流动性很强。山东省HIV感染以采供血(浆 )、性途径传播为主。在性乱人群中已查出HIV感染者 ,其传播流行的可能性很大。应加强对供血 (浆 )、性乱者及回国劳工的监测。Objective To analyse the data thru labs and field epidemiological investigation from 1987 to 1999, in order to find out the characteristics,sources of infections and its trend which would lead to the development of strategy, prevention and control of AIDS in Shandong. Methods Anti-HIV antibady was detected by ELISA and WB in the serum of high-risk groups. When Anti-HIV antibody was positive,personal and epidemiological history was investigated. The anticongulated blood was repeatdly collected to verify the infected people. PBMCs were separated from the anticongulated blood to collect previrus DNA. Gene sequence was then detected and subtype analysed by PCR using ABI company kit. Results Eight hundred five thousend eight hundred and one specimens were detected in the whole province from 1987 to 1999. 52 cases showed Anti-HIV antibod positive,with a rate of 0.06‰. Of the 52 cases,2 died. Sequence detection and subtype analysis of PBMC in 24 infected people showed that there were five HIV-1 subtypes M:A、B、B'、C、E which were from 7 cities of the province. Blood and sexual transmission took the majority with proportions, 59.62 % and 30.76 % respectively. The subtypes from 13 blood donors were all B'. Among 10 labourers refurned from abroad and 1 spouse six cases were C,two were B,and another two were A and E subtypes respectively. Epidemiologic data showed that most of the infected pepole were mobile,making sexual transmission easy to occur. Conclusion The moods of HIV/AIDS transmission in Shandong were mainly through blood and sexual contacts.

关 键 词：艾滋病 HIV 流行病学 ELISA 免疫印迹试验 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]