超临界二氧化碳中季铵盐插层改性蒙脱土的制备和结构调控  

Preparation and structure control of amine intercalated montmorillonite in supercritical carbon dioxide

作　　者：许琛[1] 何文涛[2] 姚勇[1] 于杰[1] 何敏[1] 秦舒浩[2] 

机构地区：[1]贵州大学材料与冶金学院,贵州贵阳550003 [2]国家复合改性聚合物材料工程技术研究中心,贵州贵阳550014

出　　处：《现代化工》2013年第6期74-77,共4页Modern Chemical Industry

基　　金："973"计划前期研究专项(2011CB612313);贵州省优秀科技教育人才省长专项资金项目([2011]5号)

摘　　要：为了改善蒙脱土的层间结构、分散状态和表面形貌,在以超临界二氧化碳为媒介的环境下,利用十四烷基三甲基溴化铵对钠基蒙土进行有机插层改性,并考察了反应压强和洗涤方式对插层效果的影响。利用热重分析仪(TGA)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)和比表面积仪(BET)对样品进行分析和表征。结果表明,当温度和试剂用量一定,反应压强为20 MPa,并且采用先蒸馏水洗涤再乙醇洗涤的后处理方式时,插层效果较好。在此条件下,季铵盐成功插层到蒙脱土片层,间距由1.31 nm增加到1.70 nm,样品中仍然存在一些聚集体结构,但是颗粒粒径减小,颗粒形貌变得蓬松。In order to improve the layer structure,disperse state and the surface morphology of the montmorillonite,myristyltrimethyl ammonium bromide is used as organic intercalating cations to modify sodium montmorillonite in the supercritical CO2.The effects of reaction pressure and washing method on intercalation are investigated.The sample is characterized with TG,XRD,SEM and BET.The result shows that a better intercalating effect can be achieved and the organic nano-montmorillonite can be successfully obtained under the following conditions： washing first by water and then by ethanol,20 MPa of reaction pressure,the fixed reaction temperature and the amount of reagents.The basal spacing of the obtained amine intercalated montmorillonite can increase from 1.31 nm to 1.70 nm.Some tactoid structures still remain in all processed nano-clay samples,but the large platy and ellipsoidal structures can be separated into smaller tactoids,and the morphology of scCO2-MMT become loose.

关 键 词：蒙脱土 超临界二氧化碳 插层 

分 类 号：TB332[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]