研究稻瘟病菌群体遗传多态性的分子标记方法  

Methodology of Genetic Diversity Research on Rice Blast Pathogen Magnaporthe grisea

作　　者：穆慧敏[1,2] 姜华[1] 王艳丽[1] 孙国昌[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江省农业科学院植物保护与微生物研究所,杭州310021 [2]南京农业大学植物保护学院,南京210095

出　　处：《中国水稻科学》2013年第5期545-552,共8页Chinese Journal of Rice Science

基　　金：浙江省自然科学基金资助项目(Y3110537);国家自然科学基金资助项目(30900933;30970082);农业部公益性行业项目(201203014)

摘　　要：稻瘟病菌的遗传结构经常发生改变,导致田间稻瘟病菌群体具有多态性,严重阻碍了抗病品种在稻瘟病防治上的应用。实时监测和研究稻瘟病菌的遗传变异,了解田间稻瘟病菌群体遗传结构的多样性及其动态对于防治该病具有重大意义。目前,研究稻瘟病菌遗传多样性的常用方法为分子标记技术,主要包括限制性片段长度多态性(RFLP)方法、随机扩增多态性DNA(RAPD)技术、特异性扩增片段(SCAR)标记、简单重复序列(SSR)标记、rep-PCR技术、扩增片段长度多态性(AFLP)、反转录转座子-微卫星扩增多态性(REMAP)。本文就以上这些分子标记方法的实现、优缺点及差异进行了综述,同时也对这些方法在稻瘟病菌遗传多样性方面的研究进行了回顾。The genetic structures of the Magnaporthe grisea are changed frequently, resulting in variation of the fungus population in the field which creates lots of challenges on disease control using resistant cultivars. Therefore, understanding the genetic structure variation of rice blast pathogen population in the field and real-time monitoring the dynamic changes are of great significance to control of this disease. Commonly, the methods used on research of the genetic diversity are Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism （RFLP）, Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA （RAPD）, Sequenced Characterized Amplified Region （SCAR）, Simple Sequence Repeat （SSR）, repetitive element- based Polymerase Chain Reaction （rep-PCR）, Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism （AFLP）, Retrotransposon- Microsatellite Amplified Polymorphism （REMAP）. This article reviewed the experimental procedures and the advantages and disadvantages of these molecular methods briefly. The research examples using these different methods were also discussed.

关 键 词：稻瘟菌 遗传结构 多态性 分子标记 

分 类 号：S435.111.41[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]