长枝木霉对禾谷胞囊线虫卵的寄生和毒杀作用及其机制  

The mechanism,parasitic and toxic effects of Trichoderma longibrachiatum on the eggs of Heterodera avenae

作　　者：张树武[1] 徐秉良[1] 古丽君[1] 薛应钰[1] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学草业学院,草业生态系统教育部重点实验室,甘肃省草业工程实验室,中-美草地畜牧业可持续发展研究中心,兰州730070

出　　处：《植物保护学报》2013年第4期320-326,共7页Journal of Plant Protection

基　　金：草业生态系统教育部省部共建重点实验室项目(CY-GG-2006-013);省农牧厅生物技术专项(GNSW-2009-04);肃省教育厅项目(042-03)

摘　　要：为了明确长枝木霉Trichoderma longibrachiatum对小麦禾谷胞囊线虫Heterodera avenae卵的防治潜力和作用机制,在室内测定了长枝木霉分生孢子悬浮液对小麦禾谷胞囊线虫卵的寄生和毒杀作用,并通过温室盆栽试验测定了长枝木霉分生孢子悬浮液对小麦禾谷胞囊线虫卵的防治效果。室内试验中1.5×107CFU/mL的长枝木霉分生孢子悬浮液处理12 d对小麦禾谷胞囊线虫卵的寄生率和卵孵化的相对抑制率分别为91.33%和88.35%。温室盆栽试验中1.5×107CFU/mL处理对土壤中胞囊、线虫和根系中线虫的相对防治效果分别为89.84%、92.67%和88.30%;接种卵悬浮液和长枝木霉分生孢子悬浮液后,小麦幼苗株高、根系长度、地上部鲜重和根系鲜重的增长率分别为66.72%、159.31%、169.09%和170.19%;叶绿素总量和根系活力显著高于对照,分别为17.52 mg/g和356.25μg·g-1·h-1。研究表明长枝木霉可作为小麦禾谷胞囊线虫的生防制剂。To determine the potential and mechanism of Trichoderma longibrachiatum in the control of Heterodera avenae, the parasitic and toxic effects of T. longibrachiatum on the eggs of H. avenae were studied in vitro, and the control effects of T. longibrachiatum on the eggs of H. avenae was determined un- der greenhouse conditions. The results showed that the hatching and parasitism of eggs were inhibited by 91.33% and 88.35%, respectively, after 12 days of inoculation with the conidial suspension of 1.5 ×10^7 CFU/mL in vitro . The greenhouse experiment results showed that when treated with the conidia sus- pension of T. longibrachiatum at 1.5 ×10^7 CFU/mL, the cysts and nematodes in soils were controlled by 89.84% and 92.67% , and the nematodes in roots of wheat plants were reduced by 88.30%. The height, root length, the fresh weight of the above ground parts, and root fresh weight of wheat plants were also increased by 66.72%, 159.31%, 169.09% and 170.19%, respectively, in the conidial suspen-sion of T. longibrachiatum at 1.5×10^7 CFU/mL after inoculated with H. avenae eggs suspension. The chlorophyll content and root activity of wheat seedlings treated with the conidia suspension of T. longi- brachiatum at 1.5×10^7 CFU/mL were 17.52 mg/g and 356.25 μg·g^-1·h^-1, respectively, when com- pared with the control. Therefore, T. longibrachiatum could be considered to have high potential as an agent for control of H. avenae.

关 键 词：长枝木霉 小麦禾谷胞囊线虫 寄生和毒杀作用 

分 类 号：S435.122[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治] S476[农业科学—植物保护]