儿童哮喘危险因素的Meta分析及归因危险度百分比的探讨  

Meta analysis on risk factors of asthma in children and attributable risk percent

作　　者：谢海瑞 胡罡[2] 沈二霞[3] 林宇 毛艳萍 

机构地区：[1]广东省广州市越秀区儿童医院,510115 [2]中山大学科技发展研究院 [3]广州医学院病原生物学与免疫学教研室 [4]<中国家庭医生>有限公司 [5]广州和裕生物科技有限公司

出　　处：《中国妇幼保健》2013年第25期4143-4146,共4页Maternal and Child Health Care of China

基　　金：广东省自然科学基金项目〔S2011040003741〕;广东高校优秀青年创新人才培育项目〔LYM10111〕;广州市属高校科研项目〔10A159〕

摘　　要：目的：分析儿童哮喘发病相关危险因素，为临床早期干预提供依据。方法；收集国内1995年1月～2012年11月公开发表的关于儿童哮喘发病危险因素的研究文献进行Meta分析及人群归因危险度百分比，查找儿童哮喘发病危险因素。结果：个人过敏史、特应性体质、家族哮喘史、一二级家族过敏史、感冒、呼吸道感染、环境因素包括异味、吸烟、吸。人物等是发生儿童哮喘的危险因素，母乳喂养是保护因素。危险因素权重估计分别为个人过敏史11．15％，特应性体质14．29％，家族哮喘史19．17％，一二级家族过敏史21．44％，诱因1感冒、呼吸道感染26．22％，诱因2环境异味、吸烟、吸人物等7．73％。结论：对于特应性体质儿童提倡母乳喂养，尽量避免呼吸道感染，避开常见吸人性过敏原或可预防儿童哮喘发生。Objective： To analyze the related risk factors of onset of asthma in children, provide a basis for early clinical interven- tion. Methods： The literatures related to risk factors of onset of asthma in children published from January 1995 to November 2012 in China were collected, and then a Meta analysis was conducted, population attributable risk percent was calculated, the risk factors of onset of asth- ma in children were analyzed. Results： The risk factors of onset of asthma in children included allergic history, atopic constitution, family history of asthma, allergic history of the first and second - degree relatives, common cold, respiratory tract infections, environmental factors （ smell, smoking, and inhalation） ; breastfeeding was one of protective factors. The weights of risk factors of childhood asthma were estimated as follows ： allergic history （ 11.15% ）, atopic constitution （ 14. 29% ）, family history of asthma （ 19. 17% ）, allergic history of the first and second - degree relatives （21.44%）, common cold and respiratory tract infections （26. 22% ）, environmental factors （7.73 % ） . Conclu- sion： For the children with atopic constitution, breastfeeding is advocated and respiratory tract infections should be avoided to the greatest extent, avoiding inhalation of common allergens may prevent the occurrence of asthma in children.

关 键 词：儿童哮喘 危险因素 META分析 人群归因危险度百分比 

分 类 号：R725.6[医药卫生—儿科]