ST解磷菌剂分解高内比表面积磷矿工艺条件研究  

Parameter Study for Solubilizing Rock Phosphate with High Internal Surface Area by ST Phosphate Solubilizing Inoculum

作　　者：马文凯[1] 梁玉祥[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学化工学院,四川成都610065

出　　处：《四川化工》2013年第4期10-15,共6页Sichuan Chemical Industry

摘　　要：利用解磷微生物(PSM)从磷矿中提取磷元素用于生产微生物磷肥具有简单易行,节能环保的优点,是农业领域对磷资源使用的一种新途径。目前对解磷微生物的工艺条件研究偏重于单一菌种,而对生产实践中普遍使用的复合菌剂涉及较少。本文用液体培养法对ST解磷菌溶解某高内比表面积磷矿效果的工艺条件,包括培养基组成(碳源、氮源、Na+、K+和Mg2+的浓度)、培养温度、磷矿浓度、菌剂接种量等因素进行了实验研究。结果显示,所有实验组中pH值降低与磷浓度升高存在明显的相关关系;较低C/处理(C/N=4和C/N=10)培养初期P浓度较高,而C/N≥20的处理P2O5浓度在培养后期显示出很强的解磷能力;Na+、K+、Mg2+离子和磷矿浓度在实验设定范围内对解磷能力影响不大;培养温度在28℃以上P浓度上升明显加快,磷浓度达到稳定的时间随温度升高而提前;菌剂接种浓度比为10-1和10-2解磷量较高,稀释到10-4和10-5基本没有解磷能力。部分实验结果反映了培养条件对菌剂微生物组成可能存在筛选作用使得菌剂解磷能力对工艺条件改变的敏感性受到影响,因此研究工艺条件对菌剂解磷的影响需要设定更宽的因素变化范围。The extraction of phosphorus form rock phosphate（RP）using phosphate solubilizing microorganisms（PSM）for producing P fertilizer is a novel way to use P resource for agriculture purpose because of its advantages of readily-to-perform,energy-saving and environment-friendly features.For the parameter study on PSM,current research focus extensively on single culture,while little work has been done on practical scenarios in which phosphate solubilizing inoculum involved.In this paper,the parameters for ST solubilizing RP with high internal surface area was investigated in liquid medium by varying medium composition（concentrations of C,N,Na＋,K＋and Mg2＋）,temperature,RP concentration and incubation concentration.The results indicate that in all treatments significant negative relationship exists between the medium P concentration and pH;In early fermentation stage P concentration is higher in low C/N ratio（C/N=4and C/N=10）while treatments with C/N≥20show strong P solubilizing capability in later stage;The concentration of Na＋、K＋、Mg2＋and RP has little effect on P extraction;When temperature higher than 28℃ P concentration,the time P concentration stabilizes earlier when temperature increases;P concentration is higher in treatments with inoculum concentration of 10-1and 10-2and while treatment with inoculation concentration of 10-4and 10-5 has virtually no P solubilizing capability.Part of the results show that possible screening effect that parameter has on inoculum bio-composition might influence the sensitivity that P extraction performance to parameter change,and neglecting P would underestimate P extraction ability,therefore in order to study the parameters for P solubilizing by inoculum larger spectrum of factor set-up may be needed.

关 键 词：解磷微生物 菌剂 磷矿 工艺条件 

分 类 号：TQ126.31[化学工程—无机化工]