生物质热解和气化制取富氢气体的研究现状  

A review of pyrolysis and gasification of biomass for production of hydrogen-rich gas

作　　者：邓文义[1] 于伟超[1] 苏亚欣[1] 王晓磊[1] 

机构地区：[1]东华大学环境科学与工程学院,上海201620

出　　处：《化工进展》2013年第7期1534-1541,共8页Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress

基　　金：上海自然科学基金项目(11zr1400700)

摘　　要：随着世界能源和环境问题的发展,洁净的氢能源成为备受关注的新能源。目前,生物质热化学法作为制取富氢气体的有效方法而被广泛研究。本文系统地介绍了国内外通过生物质热解和气化制取富氢气体的研究现状,包括热解气化工艺、物料特性、热源类型、反应条件、气化剂及催化剂等对制取富氢气体的影响。重点介绍了不同类型催化剂在生物质热解和气化反应中的应用,以及催化剂在制取富氢气体方面的优势及其作用机理。提出生物质热解和气化制取富氢气体所面临的主要问题是寻求既高效又寿命长的新型或混合型催化剂,或者从工艺、反应器的改进入手,改善催化剂的催化环境,从而解决其失效问题。Nowadays, energy shortage and environmental pollution are the focus concerns in the world. As a clean energy, hydrogen energy has gained growing interest in recent years. Studies on thermo-chemical treatment and utilization of biomass have been extensively conducted, because it is an effective method for hydrogen-rich gas production. In this paper, the current status of studies on biomass pyrolysis and gasification is reviewed. The influences of different pyrolysis and gasification techniques, raw material characteristics, heat source types, reaction conditions, gasification agents and catalysts on hydrogen-rich gas production are discussed. The application and catalytic mechanism of catalysts in biomass pyrolysis and gasification are summarized. The main problems facing biomass pyrolysis and gasification for hydrogen-rich gas production are searching for catalysts with high efficiency and long life, and solving their deactivation problem by improving catalytic environment or pyrolysis/gasification techniques.

关 键 词：生物质 热解 气化 富氢气体 催化剂 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]