球形容器小口泄爆压力变化特性  

Change characteristics of gas explosion venting pressure inside spherical vessel with a small caliber

作　　者：周灿[1] 王志荣[1] 蒋军成[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京工业大学城市建设与安全工程学院,南京210009

出　　处：《实验流体力学》2013年第4期62-65,82,共5页Journal of Experiments in Fluid Mechanics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(50904037);江苏省高校自然科学基金(11KJA620001;10KJB620001);江苏省高校"青蓝工程"优秀青年骨干教师资助计划

摘　　要：以甲烷-空气预混气体为实验介质,研究了22L球形容器在小口有约束和无约束泄爆条件下,不同无量纲泄压比时的泄爆压力变化特性。研究发现:有约束泄爆时,当破膜压力保持不变,随着无量纲泄压比的减小,球形容器的最大泄爆压力和最大泄爆压力上升速率均增加;无量纲泄压比大于一定值时为平衡泄爆,否则为非平衡泄爆;有约束泄爆时,当无量纲泄压比大于0.009而小于0.025时,泄爆有着明显的效果,泄压是完全有效的;当无量纲泄压比大于0.00169而小于0.00900时,最大泄爆压力与密闭爆炸压力接近,泄爆效果较差;当无量纲泄压比小于0.00169时,最大泄爆压力略大于密闭状态下的爆炸压力;无约束泄爆时,不同无量纲泄压比的最大泄爆压力均低于密闭状态下的爆炸压力。实验结果为工业生产中球形容器的泄爆安全设计提供科学依据。With air-methane premixed gas as medium,a series of experiments were conducted under both constrained and unconstrained conditions of caliber to study the varying characteristics of explosion venting pressure in 22Lspherical container with different dimensionless pressure relief ratios.The results show that,in constrained circumstances and with broken membrane pressure unchanged,both the rising rate of maximum explosion venting pressure and the maximum vented pressure inside the spherical container increase with decrement of dimensionless pressure relief ratio.If the dimensionless pressure relief ratio is more than a certain value,the vented explosion is balanced vented explosion;if not,it is non-balanced vented explosion.Under constrained condition,when dimensionless pressure relief ratio is more than 0.009and less than 0.025,vented explosion has remarkable effect and the pressure decreases obviously.When dimensionless pressure relief ratio is more than 0.00169and less than 0.009,the maximum venting pressure is close to the pressure of hermetic explosion and the pressure does not decrease well.When dimensionless pressure relief ratio is less than 0.00169,the maximum explosion venting pressure slightly exceeds the maximum explosion pressure in closed vessel.Under the unconstrained condition,the maximum explosion venting pressure inside spherical container with different dimensionless pressure relief ratios is lower than the maximum explosion pressure in closed vessel.The results provide scientific basis for the safety design of vented explosion in spherical container in the industrial production.

关 键 词：预混气体 小口泄爆 约束泄爆 无约束泄爆 压力变化 

分 类 号：TE687[石油与天然气工程—油气加工工程] TQ086[化学工程]