蒙古族7～18岁学生身高生长趋势分析  

Secular change in height among Mongolian students aged 7-18 years,1985-2010

作　　者：赵宏林[1] 布仁巴图[2] 崔丹[3] 哈森高娃[2] 林哲[2] 李永山[4] 张壮伟 佟伟军[3] 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古民族大学护理学院公共卫生教研室,内蒙古通辽028000 [2]内蒙古自治区通辽市疾病预防控制中心 [3]苏州大学医学部公共卫生学院 [4]内蒙古自治区通辽市科左后旗疾病预防控制中心 [5]内蒙古自治区通辽市科左中旗疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》2013年第9期1263-1266,共4页Chinese Journal of Public Health

摘　　要：目的分析蒙古族7～18岁学生在1985—2010年间身高生长变化趋势和特点。方法采用"全国学生体质健康调研"蒙古族通辽校点1985、2000、2010年的调查数据,将蒙古族7～18岁学生分为城男、乡男、城女、乡女4类,对学生身高、生长水平的城乡差异、快速增长期及增长高峰年龄变化、成年(18岁)时身高性差等进行动态分析。结果 1985—2010年,蒙古族7～18岁学生身高生长长期变化有明显增长趋势,城男、乡男、城女、乡女组的身高均值增长量分别为5.79、5.26、3.66、4.27 cm;1985—2000年(前15年)学生身高增长速度明显大于2001—2010年(后10年),城男、乡男、城女、乡女组的身高增长速度前15年与后10年分别为3.32与0.81、2.84与1.00、2.04与0.60、2.47与0.57 cm/10年,提示蒙古族7～18岁学生生长长期变化速度呈现先快后慢特点;蒙古族7～18岁城市学生身高增长大于农村,城乡男生身高增长快于女生(城男城女比较t=4.15,P<0.01;乡男乡女比较t=1.42,P>0.05),蒙古族7～18岁学生中城男、城女、乡女均表现出身高增长高峰年龄提前趋势;蒙古族18岁学生身高性差逐渐增加,1985、2000和2010年城市18岁学生身高性差分别为9.28(95%CI=8.26～10.30)、12.96(95%CI=12.16～13.76)和13.50(95%CI=12.70～14.30)cm,农村18岁学生身高性差分别为10.37(95%CI=9.79～10.95)、10.97(95%CI=10.24～11.70)和11.66(95%CI=10.89～12.43)cm,2000和2010年城市身高性差均高于农村性差(P<0.05),且性差均<14 cm,提示蒙古族7～18岁学生身高增长仍处于生长长期趋势的增长阶段。结论蒙古族7～18岁学生身高的生长水平呈积极增长的长期趋势,且呈现出先快后慢的特点,但城乡学生发育水平仍有差距。Objective To observe the height change among Mongolian children and adolescents aged 7 - 18 years from 1985 to 2010 and to analyze its secular trend. Methods The data were collected from the physical investigation of students nationwide in Mongolian of Tongliao in the year 1985,2000 and 2010. We divided the Mongolian students aged 7 - 18 years into four groups of urban girls, urban boys, rural girls, and rural boys, and dynamic analyses on the height level and difference between urban and rural students, change of rapid growth period and the age of growth peak, and gen- der difference at age of 18 years were conducted. Results From 1985 to 2010, the height of Mongolian children and ado- lescents aged 7 - 18 years had an obvious secular increasing trend and the height for the urban girls, urban boys, rural girls and rural boys increased by 5.79 cm, 5.26 cm, 3.66 cm, and 4. 27 cm, respectively, from 2001 - 2010. The increasing speed of height form 1985 -2000 was higher than that from 2001 -2010. For the urban girls, urban boys, rural girls, and rural boys,the height increase was 3.32 cm,2. 84 cm,2. 04 cm,and 2.47 cm during the former 15 years and 0. 81 cm, 1.00 cm,0. 60 cm, and 0. 57cm duing the later 10 years, respectively, indicating a slowdown increase trend. Among the students, the average height of urban students was higher than that of the rural ones;the growth speed of boys was higher than that of the girls, and ealier age of growth peak was observed among urban boys, urban girls, and rural girls groups （ urban ： t = 4. 15, P 〈 0. 01 ; rural ： t = 1.42, P 〉 0. 05 ）. The gender difference was kept increasing in the students during the period with the gaps between the boys and girls of 9. 28 cm（ 95 % confidence interval 195 % CI~ ：8. 26 - 10. 30 cm）, 12. 96 cm（95% CI：12. 16 - 13.76 cm） ,and 13.50 cm（95% CI：12. 70 - 14. 30） for the urban students and 10. 37（95% CI：9. 79 - 10. 95 cm）, 10. 97 cm（95% CI： 10. 24 - 11.70 cm）, and 11.66 cm（95% CI： 10. 89 - 12. 43 cm）for

关 键 词：身高 蒙古族 变化趋势 学生 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]