宫内低水平铅暴露对新生儿神经行为及体格发育影响  

Impact of intrauterine low-level lead exposure on growth and neurobehavioral development in neonates

作　　者：韩松[1] 梁多宏[1] 张莹[1] 史新竹[1] 王凤芝[1] 刘伟[2] 张莉[2] 陈立新[2] 袁媛[3] 顾英姿[2] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳医学院公共卫生学院流行病学教研室,辽宁沈阳110034 [2]沈阳医学院奉天医院 [3]沈阳医学院沈洲医院

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》2013年第9期1283-1285,共3页Chinese Journal of Public Health

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30972533)

摘　　要：目的探讨宫内低水平铅暴露对新生儿神经行为及体格发育的影响,为采取有效措施提供依据。方法以2011年2月—2012年7月在辽宁省沈阳市奉天医院分娩的307名新生儿为研究对象,采用石墨炉-原子吸收光谱法测定新生儿脐带血中铅的含量;采用新生儿20项神经行为检查方法评价神经行为发育情况,并测量新生儿出生时身长、体重、头围、胸围。结果新生儿脐血铅水平呈偏态分布,范围3.0～126.0μg/L,几何均数为33.04μg/L;不同脐血铅水平新生儿出生时身长、体重、头围、胸围差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05);神经行为发育评分比较,高铅组新生儿总分[(38.17±1.361)分]及主动肌张力得分[(7.31±0.613)分]均低于中铅组[(38.38±1.106)、(7.49±0.579)分]和低铅组[(38.66±0.995)、(7.64±0.508)分],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论宫内低水平铅暴露可对新生儿神经行为发育产生不良影响。Objective To explore the impact of intrauterine low-level lead exposure on the growth and neurodevel- opment in neonates. Methods Totally 307 neonates born in Shenyang Fengtian Hospital from February 2011 to July 2012 were selected. Lead concentration in umbilical cord blood was measured with graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometer （MG2）. The neurodevelopment of the newborns was assessed with neonatal behavioral neurological as- sessment（NBNA）. Birth weight, body height, and head and chest circumference were measured as the indicators of growth of the neonates. Results Lead concentration in umbilical cord blood ranged from 3.0μg/L to 126. 0 μg/L among the neonates. There were no significant differences in birth weight, body height, and chest circumference among the neonates with different lead concentrations （P 〉 0. 05 ）. While the total scores of NBNA （38. 17 ±1.361 ） and initiative muscle tension score （7.31 ±0. 613 ）for the neonates with high level of lead were significantly lower than those of other neonates （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. Conclusion The neonatal neurobehavioral development is affected by intrauterine low-level lead exposure.

关 键 词：脐血铅 低铅暴露 神经行为发育 体格发育 新生儿 

分 类 号：R995[医药卫生—毒理学]