工作场所集中空调通风系统与员工SBS相关症状关系  

Correlation of SBS with central air conditioning system among workers in workplaces

作　　者：吴浩生[1] 王廷哲[1] 殷道根[2] 仇君[2] 曹中强[2] 杜玉开[2] 

机构地区：[1]深圳市罗湖区疾病预防控制中心公共卫生二科,广东518020 [2]华中科技大学同济医学院公共卫生学院

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》2013年第9期1355-1358,共4页Chinese Journal of Public Health

基　　金：深圳市科技计划项目(201102118)

摘　　要：目的了解工作场所集中空调通风系统与员工不良建筑物综合征(SBS)相关症状关系,为采取干预措施提供参考依据。方法采用病例对照研究方法对在广东省深圳市2家安装集中空调通风系统工厂抽取的887名员工和2家未安装集中空调通风系统工厂抽取的892名员工进行问卷调查。结果集中空调通风组员工有头晕、恶心呕吐、背部或关节疼痛、食欲减退、嗜睡、疲劳、心里烦躁、注意力不集中、眼睛红肿、眼睛干涩、流泪、眼睛瘙痒、眼睛灼烧感、鼻塞、流涕、打喷嚏、鼻子瘙痒、胸闷、呼吸困难、咳嗽、咽喉痛、喉咙干燥、皮肤瘙痒、湿疹、皮肤干燥皲裂、皮肤潮红、风团、荨麻疹等症状的比例分别为49.7%、17.9%、40.2%、34.4%、39.7%、63.1%、52.4%、40.1%、18.6%、33.8%、27.6%、29.1%、11.3%、53.9%、49.0%、58.9%、41.7%、27.5%、20.3%、42.7%、43.1%、52.5%、32.9%、15.1%、21.0%、13.9%、7.0%、8.7%,均高于自然通风组的42.2%、12.1%、21.1%、19.3%、20.4%、40.8%、33.5%、20.4%、7.2%、12.6%、14.6%、12.6%、4.3%、30.0%、28.5%、41.4%、17.9%、12.1%、5.5%、29.7%、25.3%、23.4%、17.5%、5.4%、5.9%、2.7%、1.5%、1.8%(均P<0.05);多因素条件logistic回归分析结果表明,工作场所集中空调通风系统与恶心呕吐、背部或关节疼痛、食欲减退、嗜睡、疲劳、心里烦躁、注意力不集中、眼睛红肿、眼睛干涩、流泪、眼睛瘙痒、眼睛灼烧感、鼻塞、流涕、打喷嚏、鼻子瘙痒、胸闷、呼吸困难、咳嗽、咽喉痛、喉咙干燥、皮肤瘙痒、湿疹、皮肤干燥皲裂、皮肤潮红、风团、荨麻疹等SBS相关症状有关联(均P<0.05)。结论工作场所有集中空调通风系统的员工更易发生SBS相关症状。Objective To explore the relationship between central air conditioning system at workplaces and sick building syndrome （ SBS ） among workers for making intervention measures. Methods A case-control study was conducted among 887 workers from 2 factories with central air conditioning system and 892 workers in 2 factories without central air conditioning system with a self-administered questionnaire survey. The SBS-related symptoms were compared between the two groups. Results There were significant differences in SBS-related symptoms between the cases and the controls（P 〈0. 05 for all）. The results of univariate analysis indicated that the SBS-related symptoms were correlated with central air conditioning system, with the odds ratios （ORs）of SBS-related symptoms of 1. 137 -5. 823 （P 〈 0. 05 for all symptoms, except for headache）. The results of multivariate analysis also confirmed the associations of SBS-related symptoms with central air conditioning system, with the ORs of 0. 986 - 5. 258 （P 〈 0.05 for all, except for headache and dizziness）. Conclusion The workers in workplaces with central air conditioning system are more likely to have SBS-re- lated symptoms compared to the workers in owrkplaces without the central air conditioning system.

关 键 词：集中空调通风系统 不良建筑物综合征(SBS) 症状 工作场所 员工 

分 类 号：R122.3[医药卫生—环境卫生学]