淹水对灌浆期冬小麦的根系形态、光合特性及产量的影响  

Effects of Waterflooding on Root morphology,Photosynthetic Characters and Yield of Winter Wheat in Grain-filling Stage

作　　者：李彩霞[1] 周新国[1] 郭冬冬[1] 郭树龙[1] 王和洲[1] 陈金平[1] 姜新[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所/农业部作物需水与调控重点实验室,河南新乡453002

出　　处：《灌溉排水学报》2013年第4期20-23,共4页Journal of Irrigation and Drainage

基　　金："十二五"公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费项目(201203077;201203032);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金项目(CARS-3-1-30)

摘　　要：通过田间小区试验,分析灌浆期不同淹水胁迫下冬小麦根系形态、光合特性及产量的变化。结果表明,小麦灌浆期淹水1～3d使细根数量明显增多,淹水5d使根系干枯、缺水、无光泽,粗根所占比例增大。小麦灌浆期淹水抑制叶片光合和蒸腾速率。淹水使小麦穗粒数显著降低,且淹水时间越长,小麦成熟期无效粒数越多,产量和千粒质量越低,淹水3d以上显著减产;淹水5、3和1d处理下,小麦产量较CK分别降低33.68%、26.30%、15.80%。Field experiments were conducted to analyze the changes of root morphology, photosynthetic characteristics and yield of winter wheat under different treatments of flooding duration （1 d, 3 d and 5 d） during grain filling stage. The results showed that amount of fine roots of winter wheat increased obvious- ly under waterflooding for 1-3 d while winter wheat roots were withered, hydropenic and lusterless, and the percentage of coarse roots increased under waterflooding for 5 d. Photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate were restrained by waterflooding in grain filling stage, and number of grain per spike decreased signifi- cantly. Invalid number of grain increased significantly, grain yield and weight per 1000 grain decreased with the increase of waterflooding duration. Grain yield with flooding durations of 5 d, 3 d and 1 d de- creased by 33.68%, 26.30% and 15.80%, respectively. Grain yield decreased significantly under water- flooding for 3 d or more.

关 键 词：淹水 冬小麦 灌浆期 根系形态 产量 

分 类 号：S512.11[农业科学—作物学]