干旱胁迫对辽西半干旱区玉米生长和产量的影响  

Effects of Drought Stress on the Growth and Yield of Maize in Semi-arid Area of West Liaoning

作　　者：窦超银[1] 于景春 于秀琴 

机构地区：[1]辽宁省水利水电科学研究院,沈阳110003 [2]建平县灌溉试验站,辽宁建平122405

出　　处：《灌溉排水学报》2013年第4期84-87,共4页Journal of Irrigation and Drainage

基　　金：水利部科技推广项目(TG1203);水利部公益性行业科研专项(201101061)

摘　　要：以玉米丹玉77为材料,研究了干旱胁迫对辽西半干旱区玉米不同生育期作物生长、产量和水分利用效率等的影响。结果表明,各生育期干旱处理均不利于玉米生长和产量形成;且随着干旱程度增大,作物生长受抑加重,减产加剧;苗期、拔节期和抽穗期玉米生长和最终产量较容易受干旱影响,而灌浆期受旱影响相对较小;苗期轻旱处理下水分利用效率(WUE)高于对照处理,但其他处理WUE均降低,且随着干旱的加重而减小。因此,在研究区当水资源难以得到保证时,建议在玉米苗期轻旱控制或灌浆期干旱胁迫,避免拔节期和抽穗期受旱。To provide theoretical basis for reasonable irrigation, effects of drought stress on the growth, yield and water use efficiency of maize were studied with I）anyu 77 as the test crop in western arid region of Liaoning province. The results showed that the growth and yield of plant were restrained under drought stress, and the situations were worsen due lo the increased aridity~ seedling stage, elongation stage and heading stage of plant growth were susceptible to drought stress while during the postulation stage, the adverse effect was relatively small; water use efficiency under the treatment with light drought during the seedling stage was higher than check treatment, but water use efficiencies of other treatments were lower and decreased with drier condition. Therefore, when the water resource is scarce in the research area, light drought in seedling stage and drought stress in postulation are recommended, which could avoid the effect of drought in elongation stage and heading stage.

关 键 词：辽西半干旱区 干旱胁迫 产量 水分利用效率 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]