论民众观念的日常存续——基于近代“曹娥文化”的扩展分析  

On the Survival of Popular Ideas in Daily Life:An Extended Analysis of the Cao'e Culture in Early Modern Times

作　　者：小田[1] 

机构地区：[1]苏州大学社会学院历史系,教授苏州215123

出　　处：《历史研究》2013年第4期63-79,189-190,共17页Historical Research

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目"近代江南乡民日常生活研究"(11BZS073);江苏省哲学社会科学基金项目"近代江南村妇生活研究"(09LSB008)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：与精英思想的文本呈现不同,民众观念依日常生活而得以存续。在近代浙江上虞,曹家堡周边乡民呈现孝义观念的"曹娥文化"颇具典型性,藉此扩展,可以揭示民众观念的日常存续机理。从存活方式看,民众观念在口传和仪式等社会互动过程中自然呈现;以思想资源言,民众观念主要以渗透于日常生活中的上层意识形态为取资对象,而这种意识形态常常被转换为民众时常接触、能够理解和接受的日常版本;就社会基础论,类如孝义的民众观念颇为契合底层民众构建地方生活秩序的逻辑。社会互动、日常版本和地方生活过程的有机结合,构成近代以降民众观念存续的独特机理,体现了传统中国民众观念存续的一般性状,为民众观念史研究昭示了别样路径。Unlike the written texts that transmit elite ideas,the ideas of the masses depend mainly on daily life for their survival.A typical example is the Cao'e culture prevailing in Caojiapu andneighboring areas in Shangyu County,Zhejiang,in early modern times,with its stress on filial piety.An extended analysis of this culture can help reveal the mechanisms by which such popular ideas survive.In terms of the means of their survival,these concepts present themselves naturally in social interaction through oral transmission,ceremonies,etc.In terms of intellectual resources,their material tends to come from the penetration of daily life by the official ideology, which is often converted into a version that is familiar,understandable and acceptable to ordinary people.In terms of their social basis,popular concepts such as filial piety fit in well with the logic of the way people at the grassroots construct their local order.An organic combination of the three,i.e.,social interaction,the day-to-day agenda and the course of local life,constitutes the unique mechanism by which popular ideas have survived since early modern times,reflecting the general features of the survival of traditional Chinese concepts.An analysis from this perspective indicates a new path for the study of the history of popular ideas.

关 键 词：民众观念 曹娥文化 日常存续 上虞 

分 类 号：K092[历史地理—历史学]