鄂尔多斯地区天然林保护工程生态效益分析  

Analysis on The Ecological Benefits of Natural Forest Protective Project in Ordos

作　　者：王文彪 党晓宏[2] 刘阳 张吉树 陈曦[2] 韩彦隆[2] 李佳佳[2] 

机构地区：[1]亿利资源集团,东胜017000 [2]内蒙古农业大学生态环境学院,呼和浩特010018 [3]内蒙古自治区水利科学研究院,呼和浩特010020

出　　处：《林业经济》2013年第8期89-95,共7页Forestry Economics

基　　金：国家林业公益行业专项“珍稀濒危植物沙冬青衰退诊断及保育技术研究”(编号:201304305)

摘　　要：基于鄂尔多斯地区天然林保护工程实施前后森林覆盖度、面积和蓄积量的变化调查，对工程区森林的生态效益进行了分析。其结论：（1）在实施天保工程的10年间，森林覆盖率平均以7．19％速度增长，2012年森林覆盖率及面积分别高达24．19％和16．42万hm^2，比实施天保工程初期的2000年分别高出98．93％和158％。（2）工程实施后，林下土壤持水量显著增加，截止到2012年林下土壤蓄水量累计达477．22万t，灌木林下土壤年均持水量是乔木林的1．35倍，工程区内森林吸收固定CO2达3．79万t，制造O2达2．84万t。（3）天然林下群落物种丰富度随实施年限延长而增加，不同类型林下植被均匀度指数变化差异不显著，而生态优势度指数均偏低。（4）2000-2012年工程区森林各项涵养水源效益累计达7241．76万元，森林保肥效益27．36万元，固碳、制氧效益分别为1036．04万元和1051．11万元。Based on a survey aiming at the variations in forestry coverage, area and forestry stock volume before and after the natural forest protection project in Erdos, the paper analyzes the ecological benefits of the forest in the trial area and draws the following conclusions. First, the forestry coverage had increased by an average of 7.19% since the project was carried out. In 2012 the forestry coverage and the area had amounted to 24.19% and 2.1642 million hm^2 respectively, 98.96% and 158% increase against those of 2000. Second, an obvious increase took place in the under-forest water-holding capacity with an extension of the constructing period. The storage capaci-ty in under-forest soil had aggregated to 4.7722 million tons by 2012. The average annual under-forest wa-ter-holding capacity of shrub was 1.35 times of that of arbor; the cut-off capacity of canopy layer was 1.03biUion m3 with the average annual cut-off capacity of shrub 34.97% more than that of arbor; 37.9 thousand tons of CO2 were absorbed and conserved by the forest within the trial area, and 28.4 thousand tons of 02 were created. Third, the species richness in the community under natural forest had increased with an extension of the construction peri- od; the variation of the richness index was not obvious; an obvious decrease of richness index of herbaceous plant took place; both the richness index and the evenness index peaked in 2012, which was probably connected with the abundant precipitation within the area in 2012. Fourth, the benefits reaped from water conservation of the for-est within the trial area added up to 72.4176 million yuan from 2000 to 2012; the benefits of carbon sequestration and oxygen generation were 10.3604 million and 10.5111 million yuan respectively.

关 键 词：鄂尔多斯 天然林保护工程 生态效益 

分 类 号：F326.27[经济管理—产业经济]