井下紧急避险系统避难硐室建设方法与技术  

Construction Method and Technology of Refuge Chamber for Emergency Refuge System in Underground Coal Mine

作　　者：孙继平[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学(北京),北京100083

出　　处：《煤炭科学技术》2013年第9期40-43,共4页Coal Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点资助项目(51134024);国家自然科学基金资助项目(51074169);国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)资助项目(2012AA062203)

摘　　要：针对煤矿井下紧急避险系统避难硐室建设中,因部分设计不合理、选用技术不适用导致新的事故隐患等问题,提出了应在避难硐室中设置提人罐笼和2道气密防护门,避免或减少爆炸冲击波等对设置在避难硐室中提升系统的破坏,为煤矿井下遇险人员提供较可靠的逃生通道。指出避难硐室不宜使用大容量高压容器,避免由于高压容器产品质量问题或使用管理不当,引发高压容器伤人事故。布置在温度较低煤岩中的避难硐室,不应在硐室与煤(岩)间设置隔热材料,而应使用利于导热的材料,以便于硐室散热。提出压风自救系统的空气压缩机应设置在地面,严禁设置在井下,接入避难硐室压风系统的供风管路应全部埋入巷道底板,避难硐室可使用漂白粉和明矾等处理避险人员的饮用水,避难硐室不宜使用大容量蓄电池,避难硐室应接入通信电缆全部埋入的矿用有线调度通信系统。According to the problems of potential accidents caused by some unreasonable designs, inappropriate practice, et al, during the construction of emergency safety system＇s refuge chamber in underground coal mine.The author put forward that the cage used for lifting miners should be deployed in refuge chamber.The two airtight doors of refuge chamber avoid or reduce damage to the lift system in refuge chamber from the explosive blast.This would provide reliable escape way for person in distress at underground.The large capacity and high pressure vessels should not be used in refuge chamber, so that the injuries caused by the quality problems or mismanagement of the high pressure vessels could be avoided.As for refuge chamber located in low temperature coal and rock, the thermal insulation material shouldn＇t be filled between refuge chamber and coal or rock layers.On the contrary, thermal conductivity material should be used in order to facilitate heat dissipation of refuge chamber.Air compressor used in compressed air self-help system forbidden to be installed at underground, must be set on the ground.Pipeline for ventilating access to the refuge chamber should be buried in roadway floor.Besides,the bleach and alum should be used to purify the drinking water in refuge chamber.Large capacity storage battery cannot be used in refuge chamber.Mine cable dispatch communication system whose cables have been all buried should be connected to refuge chamber.

关 键 词：煤矿井下 紧急避险 安全避险 避难硐室 

分 类 号：TD67[矿业工程—矿山机电]