北京西山典型侧柏人工林热量平衡研究  

Research of the Heat Balance in a Typical Platycladus orientalis Plantation in the West Mountain Area of Beijing

作　　者：李轶涛[1] 余新晓[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学水土保持学院,教育部水土保持与荒漠化防治重点实验室,北京100083

出　　处：《应用基础与工程科学学报》2013年第4期600-607,共8页Journal of Basic Science and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41171028)

摘　　要：热能是水分在森林生态系统中运动的主要驱动力之一,研究热量平衡有助于理解森林水文过程和森林生态系统水量平衡等问题.本研究选取北京西北部山区的典型侧柏人工林为研究对象,利用建立的气象塔和波文比系统观测热量平衡的各个分量.通过研究发现以下规律:(1)各个热量平衡分量一般都表现为净辐射>潜热通量>显热通量>土壤热通量;(2)显热通量和潜热通量在夜晚为负值,在白天随着太阳辐射的增强而逐渐增强,在中午达到峰值;显热通量和潜热通量都在夏季最大,而秋季和冬季逐渐减弱,土壤热通量在日变化遵循相似的规律,但是秋冬季节始终为负值;(3)生长季生态系统所接受的净辐射绝大部分用于潜热交换和显热交换,而非生长季净辐射绝大部分用于潜热交换;(4)北京西山典型人工林热量不平衡状态是长时间存在的.热量平衡方程出现了一定的差值,这部分差值有着与净辐射相似的变化规律.通过分析北京山区热量平衡状态,表明总体上北京山区人工林是一个水汽源,显热汇.This research chose the oriental arborvitae forest in Jiufeng, which lies on western mountain area of Beijing,as the typical ecosystem of Beijing area;A meteorological tower was setting on the sampling spot;to collect the meteorological and radiation data on the second half of 2011. Then the heat balance was analyzed through the analyzing of collected data. Following conclusions were conducted through research. （1）The value of sensible heat flux and latent heat flux was negative at night, gradually increases with the enhancement of solar radiation during the daytime and reached its peak at noon ; （2） The values of sensible heat flux and latent heat fluxes all reached its peak in the summer, gradually weakens during fall and winter;the diurnal variations soil heat flux followed the same discipline as the sensible heat flux and latent heat flux, however, the value in the fall and winter season was always negative; （3）The net radiation accepted by the ecosystem in the growing season was mainly used for the exchange of latent heat and sensible heat, but the vast majority of net radiation accepted in the non-growing season was used for latent heat exchange ; （4） The diurnal variation of soil temperature followed the similar discipline as the air temperature but there was certain lag, while the variations between seasons in terms of the growing season and non-growing season were quite different.

关 键 词：北京山区 热量平衡 辐射平衡 土壤热平衡 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学]