青海省药用植物龙葵栽培前后光合特性的比较  

Comparisons on Photosynthetic Characteristics of Solanum nigrum before and after Artificial Cultivation in Qinghai Province

作　　者：苏旭[1,2] 刘玉萍[3] 廉海霞[1] 吴学明[1] 

机构地区：[1]青海师范大学生命与地理科学学院,青海西宁810008 [2]青海师范大学青藏高原环境与资源教育部重点实验室,青海西宁810008 [3]青海师范大学思想政治理论课教学科研部,青海西宁810008

出　　处：《中国野生植物资源》2013年第4期13-19,共7页Chinese Wild Plant Resources

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31260052);系统与进化植物学国家重点实验室项目(LSEB2012-01);青海省自然科学基金项目(2011-Z-745);教育部"春晖计划"合作科研项目(Z2010078);青海师范大学科研创新计划项目(012050106);青海师范大学博士科研启动经费(202500205)

摘　　要：为了揭示青藏高原地区药用植物龙葵栽培前后的光合生理特性,本文采用常规光合指标测定方法对青海省药用植物龙葵栽培前后光合特性进行比较研究。结果显示:(1)野生龙葵的Chla、Chlb和Chlt含量低于栽培龙葵的,其中两者Chla含量间存在显著差异(P<0.05),Chlb和Chlt含量间差异极显著(P<0.01);(2)野生龙葵的Car、Chla/Chlb、Car/Chlt则明显高于栽培的,其中Car、Chla/Chlb间存在显著差异(P<0.05),Car/Chlt间差异不显著(P>0.05);(3)野生和栽培龙葵的净光合速率日变化类型均为双峰曲线型,但总体趋势表现为野生龙葵的低于栽培龙葵的;(4)相关分析表明,光合有效辐射与Pn间呈极显著负相关关系,相对湿度与Pn间呈极显著正相关关系,细胞间隙CO2浓度、气温与Pn呈显著负相关关系,瞬时水分利用效率与Pn间呈显著正相关关系。研究表明,栽培前后抗性生理指标的变化是青藏高原低温、低气压、强辐射等多种逆境生态因子长期作用的结果,是植物对生态环境的一种生理性适应。In order to reveal the photosynthetic characteristics of Solanum nigrum with officinal herbs growing Qinghai -Tibetan Plateau have been comparatively studied by adopting conventional determina- tion method of photosynthesis indices before and after cultivation. The result showed that （ 1 ） The con- tents of Chla, Chlb and Chit in wild Solanum nigrum were lower than those of cultivated one. Between cultivated and wild ones, the difference of Chla content was significant （P 〈 0.05）, while the difference of Chlb and Chit content was extremely significant （P 〈0.01 ）. （2）The contents of Car, Chla/Chlb and Car/Chh were obviously higher than those of cultivated ones. There were differences on Car, Chla/Chlb between wild and cultivated ones （ P 〈 0.05 ）, while there was no difference of Car/Chlt （ P 〉 0.05 ） be- tween cultivated and wild Solanum nigrum. （3）Bimodal distribution patterns were observed in the daily variation of net photosynthetic rate in both cultivated and the Solanum nigrum. But the overall net photo- synthetic rate observed in cultivated Solanum nigrum was higher than that observed in wild one. （4） Cor- relation analysis indicated that there was an extremely significant inverse correlation between photosyn- thetic active radiation and net photosynthetic rate. Extremely significant positive correlation was observedbetween relative humidity and net photosynthetic rate. The internal CO2 concentration and the tempera- ture was significantly inverse correlated to net photosynthetic rate. The instantaneous water usage efficien- cy was significantly and positively correlated to the net photosynthetic rate. The study reveals that the changes of resistant physiological indices before and after cultivation are the result by adverse environ- ments including the low temperature, low air pressure, strong solar radicalization, etc. It is a kind of physiological adaption to ecological environments.

关 键 词：青海省 龙葵 栽培 光合特性 

分 类 号：Q945[生物学—植物学]