不同裂解条件对生物炭稳定性的影响  

Influence of Pyrolysis Conditions on Stability of Biochar

作　　者：陆海楠[1] 胡学玉[1] 刘红伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学(武汉)环境学院,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2013年第8期11-14,共4页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41071159);国家"十一五"科技支撑计划课题(2008BADA7B03);武汉市重点科技攻关项目资助(200720422150)

摘　　要：在300～500℃温度下热裂解水稻秸秆、玉米秸秆制备生物炭，并采用红外光谱（FTIR）和元素分析的方法，以生物炭表面官能团和元素组成为主要考察指标，研究了不同裂解温度、不同保留时间对生物炭稳定性的影响。生物炭红外光谱图结果显示，生物质原材料经过裂解炭化过程，原材料分子结构中所含醚键（C—O—C）、羰基（C=O）等基团消失。随着裂解温度升高，生物炭中甲基（-CH3）和亚甲基（-CH2）也逐渐消失，而芳环结构增加，生物炭芳香化程度增强。延长生物炭制备过程中的保留时间亦有相同结果。生物炭元素组成的结果显示，裂解温度升高及保留时间延长均能使生物炭的H／C比下降，同时裂解温度对生物炭H／C的影响更加显著。相比水稻秸秆生物炭，玉米秸秆生物炭的芳环骨架更加明显，芳香化程度更高。Biochar samples were produced by slow pyrolysis under various permutations of different peak pyrolysis temperatures of 300-500℃ and residence times 2 h or 4 h. With functional groups containing the types of biochar and element ratio as major investigation index, influence of variation of peak temperature and residence time of biochar was analyzed. Results showed that after carbonization of straw, ether bond （C-O-C） and carbonyl （C=O） were not existed, from the result of FTIR. Related to increasing pyrolysis temperature, methyl （-CH3） and methylene （-CH2） gradually disappeared while more aromatization was shown by new aromatic compound. Same result will be obtained by increasing the residence time in producing biochar. Result of biochar element showed that both increasing pyrolysis temperature and more residence time could reduce H/C value of biochar and pyrolysis temperature had more influence. Compared with biochar from rice, biochar from corn had more aromatization structure and aromatic skeleton was clearer.

关 键 词：生物炭 裂解温度 保留时间 表面官能团 作物秸秆 

分 类 号：X712[环境科学与工程—环境工程]