玉米农田空气动力学参数动态及其与影响因子的关系  

Dynamics of aerodynamic parameters over a rainfed maize agroecosystem and their relationships with controlling factors

作　　者：蔡福[1] 周广胜[2] 明惠青[3] 李荣平[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国气象局沈阳大气环境研究所,沈阳110016 [2]中国气象科学研究院,北京100081 [3]辽宁省气象服务中心,沈阳110016

出　　处：《生态学报》2013年第17期5339-5352,共14页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家杰出青年基金项目(40625015);国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)(2010CB951303);青年科学基金项目(31000230;41101077;41105064);中央级公益性科研院所专项资金项目(2012IAE-CMA01)共同资助

摘　　要：对锦州玉米农田生态系统生长季内的粗糙度(z0)和零平面位移(d)动态特征及其与风速、株高(h)和叶面积指数(LAI)的关系分析表明:零平面位移(d)在玉米拔节后10d左右,株高约1.40m时开始出现,在抽雄前为0.80—1.00m,抽雄后为1.00—1.40m;z0在抽雄前小于0.20m,乳熟前后达到最大,约为0.40m。d/h和z0/h分别为0.40—0.54和0.10—0.14,在h达到最大值前,分别随LAI增大而减小和增大。d出现前,z0与风速呈负指数关系,与LAI和h都呈线性关系。d出现后,风速与z0、d之和的关系比与各自的关系更显著;d与LAI、h都呈显著指数正相关关系,LAI、h对z0的影响大于d和z0+d,且h的作用大于LAI。d出现至h达到最大期间,上述各种关系最为显著。研究结果可为建立空气动力学参数的动态参数化方案及改进陆面过程模型提供依据。Based on continuous observation data of 16 m gradient weather observation tower from 2006 to 2008 at Jinzhou agricultural ecosystem research station, dynamic characteristics of aerodynamic parameters roughness （z0 ） and zero-plane displacement （d） over a rainfed maize agroecosystem and their relationships with controlling factors during growing seasons are analyzed. The results showed that d appears about 10 days after jointing when plant height （h） is about 1.40 m and increases from 0.80--1.00 m to 1.00--1.40 m after tasseling stage, z0 is smaller than 0.20 m before tasseling stage and comes to the maximum about 0.4m before and after milk stage, d/h and zo/h are 0.40--0. 54 and 0.10--0. 14, and are decreasing and increasing with LAI, respectively, before h comes to the maximum. Before d appears, negative exponent and positive linear relationships between zo and wind speed at 2 m （ u2 ）, z0 and LAI or h are found. Yet, after d appears, relationship between u2 and z0 ＋d is more notable than those between u2 and z0 or d. At the same time, positive exponent relationships between z0 or d and LAI or h respectively are found. LAI and h influence more to z0 than to d and z0 ＋d with greater role for the latter. Those relationships are more conspicuous from d appearing to h coming to the maximum. These research conclusions will play an important reference role for setting up aerodynamic parameterization and improving land surface process model.

关 键 词：玉米农田 粗糙度 零平面位移 动态 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]