蚕蛹基础日粮中添加不同脂肪源对框鳞镜鲤生长、体成分及健康状况的影响  

EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT LIPID SOURCES IN THE SILKWORM PUPA-BASED DIET FOR MIRROR CARP (CYPRINUS CARPIO VAR. SPECULARIS) ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE, BODY COMPOSITION AND HEALTH STATUS

作　　者：程小飞[1,2] 田晶晶[1] 吉红[1,3] 李南充[1] 钟雷[1] 方程[1] 刘超[3] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学动物科技学院,杨凌712100 [2]湖南省水产科学研究所,长沙410153 [3]西北农林科技大学安康水产试验示范站,安康725021

出　　处：《水生生物学报》2013年第4期656-668,共13页Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica

基　　金：西北农林科技大学安康水产试验示范站建设项目资助

摘　　要：将324尾健康框鳞镜鲤Cyprinus carpio var.specularis(10.70±0.70)g随机平均分配在室内循环水养殖系统的12个养殖缸里。在蚕蛹基础饲料中分别添加2%的大豆油(SO)、菜籽油(RO)、鱼油(FO)及混合油(MIX,大豆油∶菜籽油∶鱼油=1∶1∶1),配制4组等氮(36.5%)等脂(7.0%)饲料,饲养58d后,探讨框鳞镜鲤对不同脂肪源的利用效果。结果表明:(1)大豆油组终末体重显著大于混和油组,肠长比显著大于其他各组,肥满度和肠指数显著大于鱼油组(P<0.05);肝胰脏指数混合油组显著低于鱼油组和大豆油组,菜籽油组显著低于大豆油组(P<0.05);(2)全鱼水分大豆油组显著高于菜籽油组和混合油组,粗脂肪含量显著低于其他各组(P<0.05);肌肉水分大豆油组显著大于鱼油组和混合油组(P<0.05);不同脂肪源对框鲤全鱼和肌肉的粗蛋白和灰分、肌肉粗脂肪、肝胰脏的一般体成分无显著影响(P>0.05);(3)肝胰脏和肌肉脂肪酸组成基本反映了饲料的脂肪酸组成;肝胰脏PUFA水平大豆油和菜籽油组相近,均显著高于鱼油组(P<0.05);肌肉PUFA水平大豆油组显著高于鱼油组(P<0.05),肌肉HUFA水平菜籽油组显著高于鱼油组和混合油组(P<0.05);(4)除菜籽油组血清GLU水平显著高于大豆油组外(P<0.05),4种脂肪源对框鲤其他血清生化指标水平没有显著影响(P>0.05);(5)组间血清T-SOD活性没有显著差异(P>0.05),大豆油组GSH-XP活性显著大于其他各组(P<0.05),MDA水平显著低于鱼油组及混合油组(P<0.05),鱼油组血清AKP活性显著低于其他各组(P<0.05);鱼油组肝胰脏T-SOD活性显著高于其他各组(P<0.05),AKP活性显著高于菜籽油组和混合油(P<0.05),GSH-XP活性显著高于混合油组(P<0.05),MDA水平各组无显著差异(P>0.05)。综上所述,框鳞镜鲤对大豆油的利用效果最好,其次是菜籽油、鱼油和混合油利用效果较差。A total of 324 healthy mirror carps Cyprinus carpio var.specularis [initial weight：（10.70±0.70） g] were randomly and equally distributed in 12 breeding cylinders with the indoor circulating water system.2% soybean oil（SO）,rapeseed oil（RO）,fish oil（FO）,and mixed oil（MIX,in which soybean oil,rapeseed oil and fish oil are 1∶1∶1） were added to the silkworm pupa based diet respectively,and four groups of isonitrogenous（36.5% crude protein）,and isolipidic（7% crude fat） experimental diets were formulated.They were fed to apparent satiation three times a day for 58 days,and the effects of different lipid sources on growth performance,body composition and health status were discussed.The following results were concluded.Firstly,the final weight of SO group was significantly heavier than that of the MIX group（P〈0.05）;SO group showed the highest intestine length ratio,both of condition factor and intestine index in SO group were significantly higher than those in FO group（P〈0.05）.Hepatosomatic index of MIX group was obviously lower than those of FO and SO group,meanwhile hepatosomatic index of RO group was lower than that of SO group（P〈0.05）.Secondly,whole body moisture of SO group was significantly higher than those of the RO group and the MIX group,the whole body crude fat of SO group was lower than those of other groups（P〈0.05）;muscle moisture of SO group was significantly higher than those of the FO group and the MIX group（P〈0.05）;however,little influence on whole body,muscle crude protein,ash and muscle crude fat,hepatopancreas chemical composition（P〈0.05）.Thirdly,fatty acids composition in hepatopancreas and muscle generally reflected the composition in the diet;polyunsaturated fatty acid（PUFA） in hepatopancreas showed similar level between fish fed SO and RO diets,which were significantly higher than FO group（P〈0.05）.Muscle PUFA level in SO group was higher than that in FO group,while muscle HUFA in RO group was higher than that in FO an

关 键 词：框鳞镜鲤 脂肪源 生长 脂肪酸 血清生化指标 抗氧化指标 

分 类 号：S963.7[农业科学—水产养殖]