基于遥感和GIS的北京湿地生态服务功能评价与分区  

Comprehensive assessments and zoning of ecological service functions for Beijing wetland based on RS and GIS

作　　者：苗李莉[1,2] 蒋卫国[1,3] 王世东[2] 朱琳[4] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学地表过程与资源生态国家重点实验室,北京100875 [2]北京师范大学资源学院,北京100875 [3]北京师范大学环境演变与自然灾害教育部重点实验室,北京100875 [4]首都师范大学资源环境与旅游学院,北京100048

出　　处：《国土资源遥感》2013年第3期102-108,共7页Remote Sensing for Land & Resources

基　　金：国家科技合作计划项目(编号:2009DFA91710);北京市科技计划项目(编号:D08040600580801);北京市自然科学基金项目(编号:8082015);国家水污染控制与治理科技重大专项(编号:2009ZX07529-007;2009ZX07528-004)共同资助

摘　　要：湿地(特别是大城市湿地)的分布、生态服务功能及其管理与城市的生态环境和居民生活质量关系密切。以北京市湿地为例,综合运用遥感、基础地理、野外实测和社会统计等多源数据,借鉴千年生态系统评估(millennium eco-system assessment,MA)概念框架,利用价值量评价方法,构建基于遥感与GIS的城市湿地生态服务功能评价指标体系;以行政区(县)为评价单元,应用层次分析(analytic hierarchy process,AHP)和综合指数等方法对湿地生态服务功能的构成要素进行综合建模分析;分别对北京湿地的"调节"、"供给"、"文化"和"支持"功能类别及其功能综合进行评价分析,得到北京湿地4个功能类别及其综合的湿地功能重要程度分级格局。研究结果表明:①在北京湿地生态服务功能类型中,"调节"和"供给"功能最重要,"文化"功能次之,"支持"功能最弱;②就北京市各区县湿地综合功能的重要性等级而论,密云湿地为"最重要湿地",房山、东城、西城、朝阳、延庆和怀柔的湿地为"重要湿地",平谷、通州、海淀和门头沟的湿地为"比较重要湿地",而大兴、昌平、顺义、石景山和丰台的湿地为"一般重要湿地"。The distribution,eco-service functions and the managements of wetlands especially for metropolis have a close relationship with the quality of eco-environments and city resident life.In this paper,a metropolis,Beijing,was selected as a typical study area,and the research activities were supported by the spatial information technologies such as remote sensing and GIS,and the multi-kinds of data such as remote sensing image data,survey data in fields and society statistics data were applied.According to the assessment framework of millennium ecosystem assessment（MA）,a value evaluation method was used for constructing an assessment index system of wetland eco-services functions.For the requirements of assessment operations,the authors considered that the administrative districts and counties in Beijing could be taken as the assessing units.The analytic hierarchy process（AHP） method was applied to the weight calculation of each indicator.Then the comprehensive and quantitative indexes were defined and calculated at each assessing unit in the study area.The evaluation of Beijing wetlands ecological services included the adjustment functions,supply functions,culture functions,supporting functions and comprehensive functions.Through investigations,the distribution patterns of Beijing wetlands ecological services were summed up.Some conclusions have been reached： ① the regulating and provisioning functions of wetlands in Beijing are the most important,followed by the cultural function,and the supporting function plays a weaker role;② the order of the composite function intensity from highness to weakness in the whole assessment units is as follows： Miyun County takes the first place,the districts of Fangshan,Dongchen,Xichen,Chaoyang,Yanqing and Huairou possess the second importance,and the districts of Pinggu,Tongzhou,Haidian and Mentougou occupy the third place,whereas the other districts play the weakest role.

关 键 词：北京湿地 功能评价 分区 遥感 地理信息系统(GIS) 

分 类 号：TP79[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]