基于遥感影像不透水层估算的震后城区损坏面积评估  

A Damaged Area Assessment Method for the Post-earthquake Urban Regions based on Impervious Surface Estimating of Remote Sensing Imagery

作　　者：高利鹏[1,2] 赵华亮[1,2] 刘明翔[2] 张华[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学(徐州)国土环境与灾害监测国家测绘局重点实验室,江苏徐州221116 [2]中国矿业大学(徐州)环境与测绘学院,江苏徐州221116

出　　处：《遥感技术与应用》2013年第4期582-587,共6页Remote Sensing Technology and Application

基　　金：国家863计划项目(2012AA12A305);江苏省普通高校研究生科研创新计划资助项目(CX10B_143Z);江苏省普通高校研究生科研创新计划资助项目(CXLX12_0956);江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目

摘　　要：地震灾害评估对于抗震救灾具有重要的现实意义,传统的灾害评估方法大多基于震后实地的统计数据进行,在数据获取的现势性和灾害评估效率方面存在问题,针对这一不足,结合遥感数据的特点,提出了一种基于遥感不透水层估算的地震灾后城区损坏面积评估方法。该方法首先对地震前后玉树地区的两幅中分辨率遥感影像进行预处理,然后基于V-I-S模型,利用线性光谱混合分析方法,分别对地震前后震区遥感影像进行端元提取,获得不透水层的丰度图,最后通过计算地震前后不透水层像元个数,进行地震灾后城区损坏面积的评估。通过精度分析可以看出:该方法可以快速及时地获取城市区域建筑物、公路等重要地物的宏观损坏面积情况,为灾后重建和震后决策提供了一定的依据。The assessment for earthquake disaster has important practical significance to the relief work, the traditional methods are mostly on the field statistic data after the earthquake, the shortness including the up to date state of the data acquiring and usually exists the efficiency of the disaster assessment. On account of this callback, and combined with the characteristics of the remote sensing data, this paper proposed an assessment method for post-earthquake urban damaged area based on the impervious surface estimate. Firstly,the two middle-resolution remote sensing images before and after the earthquake in the area of Yushu were preprocessed,and then a linear spectral mixture analysis method was used based on the VIS model,the endmembers of the remote sensing images before and after earthquake were extracted by respec tively, and the abundance map of the impervious surface was obtained, finally, the earthquake disaster dam age area assessment was evaluated by calculating the number of pixels of the impervious surface before and after the earthquake. The accuracy analysis indicated that the method was proposed this paper could obtain the macro situations of the damage area, includeing the urban buildings,important roads, etc. in quickly and timely,and provided a certain basis for post-earthquake reconstruction and decision.

关 键 词：遥感 地震 不透水层 灾害评估 VIS模型 线性光谱混合分析 

分 类 号：TP79[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]