大亚湾海域浮游动物种类组成和优势种的季节变化  

Seasonal succession of zooplankton species composition and dominant species in the Daya Bay,northern South China Sea

作　　者：杜飞雁[1,2,3,4] 王雪辉[1,2,3,5] 贾晓平[1,2,3] 杨圣云[4] 廖秀丽[1,2,3] 李纯厚[1,2,3] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所,广东广州510300 [2]广东省渔业生态环境重点开放实验室,广东广州510300 [3]农业部南海渔业资源环境科学观测实验站,广东广州510300 [4]厦门大学海洋学院海洋科学博士后流动站,福建厦门361005 [5]上海海洋大学海洋科学学院,上海201306

出　　处：《水产学报》2013年第8期1213-1219,共7页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金：广东省科技计划项目(2009B030600002);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项基金(2007ZD08;2010YD10;2009TS08;2012TS02)

摘　　要：为全面掌握南海北部大亚湾海域浮游动物的群落特征。利用2007—2008年在大亚湾开展的4个航次124个站次的海洋生物调查数据和历史资料,通过数据统计分析,对浮游动物种类组成和优势种进行研究,结果表明:(1)大亚湾浮游动物种类组成的季节变化明显、种类更替频繁;(2)优势种组成简单,季节变化明显,单一种的优势地位显著。与过去相比,大亚湾海域浮游动物群落的组成基本稳定,但种类和优势种的更替率均呈现逐步增大的趋势,浮游动物优势种组成趋于简单、单一种优势地位明显提高。大亚湾生态环境随季节的变幅增强,群落的稳定性明显下降。海水温度的升高,改变了大亚湾暖水性浮游动物种类的生活周期;而且营养水平的提高也促使赤潮种类夜光虫数量的增加。To understand the characteristics of zooplankton community in the Daya Bay comprehensively, the zooplankton species composition and dominant species in the Daya Bay were studied based on 124 samples collected from seasonal surveys conducted in December 2007 and March,May,and September 2008. A total number of 284 zooplankton species were recorded in the surveys. We found large seasonal changes in zooplankton composition with an average ratio of 62.3% of species seasonal subrogation. We also found that there were apparent dominant species and the dominant species changed greatly between seasons. The clear seasonal succession of zooplankton composition and dominant species was a reflection of the increased amplitude of seasonal variations in environmental conditions in the Daya Bay. Compared with past records, the seasonal subrogation ratio of zooplankton species has been increased, the dominant species changed from Copepoda to Protista, and their dominance became higher. This indicates that the stability of zooplankton community has been reduced. The increased water temperature in the Daya Bay has changed the life cycle of the warm-water zooplanktons. Because of the increased nutrient levels in the Daya Bay, the dominance of the red-tide species of Noctiluca miliaris has been greatly increased, especially in winter and spring when the water temperature is relatively low.

关 键 词：浮游动物 种类组成 优势种 大亚湾 

分 类 号：S943[农业科学—水产养殖]