碘营养状况与甲状腺疾病  

Iodine Nutrition and Thyroid Diseases

作　　者：吴恋[1] 于健春[1] 康维明[1] 马志强[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国医学科学院北京协和医学院北京协和医院基本外科,北京100730

出　　处：《中国医学科学院学报》2013年第4期363-368,共6页Acta Academiae Medicinae Sinicae

基　　金：卫生部行业科研专项项目(201202012)~~

摘　　要：碘是人体必需的微量元素,在自然界中分布广泛但极不均衡,因此生活于不同地区人群的碘摄入量存在很大差别。碘摄入过低可引起地方性甲状腺肿、呆小症和甲状腺功能减退,碘摄入过量可导致高碘性甲状腺肿、慢性淋巴细胞性甲状腺炎、碘性甲状腺功能亢进和甲状腺功能减退,碘缺乏及碘过量对甲状腺癌的影响均主要表现为组织学类型的变化。我国自1996年实施食盐碘化以来已在国家水平上基本消除碘缺乏病,同时也出现了其他甲状腺疾病谱带的变化,包括碘性甲状腺功能亢进、自身免疫性甲状腺疾病及甲状腺癌中乳头状甲状腺癌的比例增多。对人群,尤其是甲状腺疾病患者进行个体碘营养状况评测具有重大意义。Iodine, an essential component of the hormones produced by the thyroid gland, is widely but unevenly distributed in the earth＇ s environment. Great difference exists in the iodine nutritional status of pop- ulations residing in different region. Both iodine deficiency and iodine excess can injure the thyroid gland. Iodine deficiency tigers endemic goiter, cretinism, and hyperthyroidism, while iodine excess can result in high iodine goiter, chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis, iodine-induced hyperthyroidism, and hypothyroidism; also, iodine de- ficiency or excess may affect the histological type of thyroid cancer. In 1996, China began to implement the uni- versal salt iodization policy, which has basically eliminated the iodine deficiency disorders nationwide; however, it also caused the changes in the spectra of other thyroid diseases including iodine-induced hyperth toimmune thyroid disease, and papillary thyroid carcinoma. Individualized iodine nutritional status the populations, particularly thoese with thyroid diseases, will be beneficial. yroidism, au- assessment for

关 键 词：碘 甲状腺疾病 食盐碘化 

分 类 号：R654[医药卫生—外科学]