泾惠渠灌区节水改造对地下水空间分布影响  

Simulation of effect of water-saving renovation on spatial distribution of groundwater in Jinghui Canal irrigation area

作　　者：代锋刚[1,2] 蔡焕杰[1] 刘璇[3] 梁宏伟[3] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学旱区节水农业研究院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]石家庄经济学院河北省水资源可持续利用与开发重点实验室,河北石家庄050031 [3]陕西省泾惠渠管理局,陕西三原713800

出　　处：《排灌机械工程学报》2013年第8期729-736,共8页Journal of Drainage and Irrigation Machinery Engineering

基　　金："十二五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2011BAD29B01);国家自然科学基金资助项目(51179162);教育部;国家外用专家局"111"计划项目(B12007)

摘　　要：为了客观评价泾惠渠灌区节水改造环境效应及制定适宜的农业节水方案,寻求灌区地下水合理开发利用模式,综合应用GMS和ArcGIS软件建立了灌区地下水分布式模型,结合灌区渠系衬砌、田间节水及农业种植结构的实际情况设置8种真实情景和假定情景分析了灌区节水改造对地下水空间分布的影响.结果表明:灌区田间节水工程可减少18.5%～33.4%的井灌水量,对缓解地下水位下降效果尤为明显;灌区渠系节水工程使渠系水利用系数增加16.9%,减少地下水开采的作用次之;灌区泾阳、杨府、楼底、张卜等地区农业种植结构与水土资源空间布局匹配不合理抵消了节水改造对地下水位下降的部分抑制作用,地下水降落漏斗呈扩大趋势.建议进行地下水人工调蓄、完善地下水取水许可制度、加大田间节水力度、合理调整农业种植结构,实现灌区水资源高效持续利用及节水农业可持续发展.In order to evaluate objectively environment impact of water saving renovation on groundwater and figure out a reasonable agricultural water saving scheme and a rational development and utilization mode of groundwater in Jinghui Canal irrigation area,by integrally applying GMS and ArcGIS software,a groundwater distribution model was built.Combining water-saving irrigation canal lining with farmland water saving and agricultural planting structure,eight assumed scenes and actual scenes are used to analyze the effect of water saving renovation on spatial distribution of groundwater.The results show that field water saving engineering can help reduce well irrigation water of 18.5%~33.4% and is very effective in alleviating groundwater level′s falling.Through canal system water saving enginee-ring,water use coefficient is increased by 16.9%,next to which is the role of reducing groundwater exploitation.In Jingyang,Yangfu,Loudi and Zhangbu,the agricultural planting structure and spatial distribution of soil and water resources do not work well together,which offsets the water-saving renovation effect of slowing down the fall of ground water levels,which inevitably led to the increasing trend of groundwater drop funnel.It is recommended that the artificial groundwater regulation and storage,the perfection of groundwater exploitation permit system and the adjustment of agricultural planting structure,could help achieve the sustainable use of the water resources and the sustainable development of water-saving agriculture in the irrigation area.

关 键 词：泾惠渠灌区 地下水模型系统 ARCGIS 地下水位 节水改造 

分 类 号：S271[农业科学—农业水土工程]