嘉定区大规模麻疹疫苗强化免疫后麻疹流行病学特征分析  

Analysis of epidemiological characteristics of measles after measles vaccine supplement in the large scale in Jiading District

作　　者：张倩[1] 费洁[1] 钟培松[1] 黎潘 张伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海市嘉定区疾病预防控制中心,上海200081

出　　处：《上海医药》2013年第16期35-38,共4页Shanghai Medical & Pharmaceutical Journal

摘　　要：目的:分析上海市嘉定区大规模麻疹疫苗强化免疫后,麻疹流行病学的特征,探讨麻疹的控制措施。方法:对上海市嘉定区麻疹发病及采取的预防控制措施进行描述流行病学分析。结果:2010年9月大规模麻疹疫苗强化免疫后,2011年麻疹疫情下降明显,发病率为0.34/10万(5例),2012年麻疹疫情出现反弹,麻疹发病率再次上升到3.42/10万(49例)。2011-2012年麻疹病例潜伏期内有医院暴露史比例的为38.89%。2009-2012年8月龄～14岁儿童麻疹疫苗强化免疫报告接种率均在95.00%以上,共为成人接种麻疹类疫苗68995剂次。结论:消除麻疹除做好免疫接种外,还应提高病例监测敏感性,加强传染源管理,完善小月龄和成人病例的免疫问题,同时保护患病未及时免疫和免疫失败儿童免于感染。Objective： To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of measles after measles vaccine supplement in Jiading District of Shanghai to explore the control measures for it. Methods： The measles epidemiology and control measures were analyzed with descriptive epidemiology. Results： After measles vaccine supplement in large scale in Sept 2010, the reported measles incidence declined to 0.34/100 000. But its epidemic rebounded in 2012 and increased to 3.42/100 000 again. The proportion of hospital exposure history prior to illness onset was 38.89% from 2011-2012. The reported coverage of MVS was more than 95% for the children at the age from 8 months to 14 years old, and 68 995 doses were vaccinated for adults during 2009-2012. Conclusion： Beside immunization, to eliminate measles, the sensitiveness of surveillance should be enhanced, the sources of infection be strengthened to manage, the immunization for the children younger than 8 months old and adult be improved, and at the same time, the children who were untimely vaccinated and immunity failure were protected from measles infection.

关 键 词：麻疹 强化免疫 免疫接种 流行病学特征 控制措施 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]