固定电价与可再生能源配额交易的政策效果——基于生物质发电产业  

Policy Effects of Feed-in Tariff and Tradable Green Certificate——Based on the Development of Biomass Power Industry in China

作　　者：赵洱岽[1] 刘平阔[1] 

机构地区：[1]华北电力大学,北京102206

出　　处：《工业技术经济》2013年第9期125-137,共13页Journal of Industrial Technological Economics

基　　金：中央高校专项基金项目"基于低碳发展的电力能源结构优化和政策研究";国家发改委项目"发展中国气候友好型电价形成机制的研究"

摘　　要："十二五"期间,中国将大力推进可再生能源配额交易制度建设,以实现可再生能源发电产业发展由固定电价政策的支持向政策与市场共同作用的发展机制的变迁。本文以中国生物质发电产业为例,构建了固定电价与配额交易下的产业发展系统动力学模型,模拟分析了其对生物质发电产业发展的影响机理及政策效果并提出了适合中国国情的配额交易制度建设的科学对策。结果表明:现行的固定电价政策与电价水平,难以对生物质发电厂商产生有效的激励;当施行配额交易时,合理的生物质发电配额比例和绿色证书的基准价格(如本文研究所得的2%的配额比例和0.094元/kWh的基准价格),有助于厂商获得规模经济带来的全部收益并保证厂商的适度投资和技术研发投入,从而实现产业的规模化和产业化发展;较之固定电价政策,配额交易制度对中国生物质发电产业发展的激励效应更为直接和有效,也更接近于实现政府规划确定的产业发展目标。In this paler, the biomass power industry being an example, a system dynamics model of industrial development under the feed- in tariff and Tradable Green Certificate is bulk. We put forward a set of scientific countermeasures for the implementation of the Tradable Green Certificate system suitable for China by the simulation and analysis of the impact mechanism and the effects of policies of feed- in tariff and Tradable Green Certificate system acting on biomass power industry. The results show that： it is difficult for the current feed - in tariff or tariff level to offer an effective incentive for biomass power plants; in the implementation of the Tradable Green Certificate system, the govemment should make a reasonable benchmark- price and an appropriate biomass power generation quota proportion, which will help the plants to get the full benefits from scale economy and to ensure the modest investment and R＆D investment in biomass power industry, so that the development goal of industrialization and production of scale for biomaas power industry will be achieved; compared with the Feed- in Law, the Tradable Green Certificate system will not only help to change the driving force of renewable energy industry development institutionally from policy support to policy and market interaction, hut also help to offer an incentive to the hiomuss power in- dustry more directly and effectively for getting closer to achieve the government＇s planning objective.

关 键 词：固定电价 可交易的绿色证书 配额制 生物质发电产业 SD模型 

分 类 号：F407.2[经济管理—产业经济]