基于二维溃坝波数值模拟的生命损失估算  

Life loss estimation caused by reservoir dam break based on 2D dam-break wave numerical simulation

作　　者：沈照伟[1] 潘存鸿[1] 叶碎高[1] 王立辉[2] 鲁海燕[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江省水利河口研究院浙江省水利防灾减灾重点实验室,浙江杭州310020 [2]福州大学,福建福州350108

出　　处：《水利水运工程学报》2013年第4期24-28,共5页Hydro-Science and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51079130);浙江省重大科技计划资助项目(2007C13012)

摘　　要：通过界面数值通量以及底坡源项的计算求解无碰撞二维Boltzmann方程,建立了二维溃坝波数值模型.以杭州市余杭镇上游某水库为例,模拟了该水库溃坝后溃坝波的演进过程,模拟结果表明溃坝洪水淹没范围很大,距坝约11 km的下游,水深仍可达4.0 m以上.同时,应用通用的溃坝生命损失模型,在获取网格单元上的水力学参数值(包括水深和最大流速)基础上,输入当地的地形、人口等基本数据,估算了水库溃坝对下游造成的生命损失.该方法可用于其他水库的风险管理分析,为相关部门决策提供依据和参考.A 2D numerical model based on Boltzmann equation and an unstructured FVM grid with a kinetic flux vector splitting （KFVS） scheme is developed to simulate dam-break wave. Taking one reservoir dam at Yuhang District of Hangzhou as an example, the propagation of the dam-break wave of the reservoir dam is simulated by this model. The simulated results show that the influence region given by dam flood is very large at the downstream of the dam： about 11 km away from the dam, the depth of the water can still reach more than 8.5 m. The life loss caused by dam failure is evaluated. Using regional population, and geography data as main input, it is then integrated with the dam-break flood routing model to acquire the hydraulic parameters, including depth and velocity, and then to estimate the life loss. The analyse results show that total life loss number is up to 712. This number is close to the conclusion of some existing researches. This method can be applied to other reservoirs after making some modifications, so as to provide technical support for decision makers.

关 键 词：溃坝波 数值模拟 生命损失 

分 类 号：TV122.4[水利工程—水文学及水资源] TV698.237