家长对儿童铅中毒认知程度的调查  

A Survey of Parents’ Awareness on Children’s Lead Poison

作　　者：王若禺[1] 杨克敌[2] 王松[2] 张聪[1] 宗岩[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学附属协和医院,武汉430022 [2]华中科技大学同济医学院公共卫生学院环境卫生与劳动卫生学系,武汉430030

出　　处：《华中科技大学学报（医学版）》2013年第4期487-489,492,共4页Acta Medicinae Universitatis Scientiae et Technologiae Huazhong

摘　　要：目的了解家长对儿童铅中毒知识知晓度,掌握儿童铅中毒知识在家长群体中分布情况,为相关政策制定及预防儿童铅中毒宣传提供信息。方法采用在公共场所随机发放问卷的方式,对来自全国多个城镇及农村地区的617名儿童家长进行调查,包括受调查者的基本信息、家庭及学校环境、生活习惯和儿童铅中毒危害知晓情况4个部分。结果儿童的铅中毒危害知晓情况的得分与家长的基本情况、家庭环境和不良习惯有关。基本情况含:学历(P<0.01)、居住地(P<0.01)和性别(P<0.05)。家庭环境含:使用铸铁水龙头(P<0.01)和家具掉漆或墙壁掉落(P<0.01)的情况。不良习惯含:儿童食路边小吃(P<0.01)、膨化食品(P<0.01)和罐装食品(饮料)(P<0.01),家长吸烟(P<0.05)和报纸包食物(P<0.01)。结论儿童铅中毒知识知晓程度与家长的基本情况、家庭环境和不良习惯有关。Objective To identify some important factors that influence the parents’awareness on children’s lead poison,and to examine the popularization of knowledge about children’s lead poison among the parent populations,in an attempt to provide relevant information for policy formulation and healthy education on children’s lead poison.Methods This study enrolled 617parents with their children under 15years old from multiple cities and towns of the nation,and these parents were interviewed with questionnaires randomly distributed in the public areas.The questionnaire was designed to have 4parts,including the basic information about the subjects,the environment of the family and school,living habits and awareness of children’s lead poison.Results Awareness of children’s lead poison was found to correlate with basic information,family environment and bad habits.The relevant basic information included education background of the parents（P〈0.01）,residence（P〈0.01）and gender（P〈0.01）.The relevant family environment included cast iron-made faucet（P〈0.01）,shedding of furniture paints and wall surface（P〈0.01）.The bad habits of children and parents involved eating snacks from street-side（P〈0.01）,puffed food（P〈0.01）,and drinking tinned beverage（P〈0.01）,smoking（P〈0.05）,packaging food with newspaper（P〈0.01）.Conclusion Parents’awareness of children’s lead poison is closely associated with basic information of the parents,family environment and bad habits.

关 键 词：铅中毒 认知程度 家长 生活习惯 家庭环境 

分 类 号：R595.2[医药卫生—内科学]