1-甲基咪唑硝酸盐辅助直接硝解法制备降感RDX  

Preparation of Reduced Sensitivity RDX by Direct Nitrolysis Method in the Presence of 1-Methyl-imidazole Nitrate

作　　者：齐秀芳[1] 何俊蓉[1] 程广斌[2] 吕春绪[2] 

机构地区：[1]西南科技大学国防科技学院,四川绵阳621010 [2]南京理工大学化工学院,江苏南京210094

出　　处：《含能材料》2013年第4期414-418,共5页Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials

基　　金：西南科技大学博士研究基金(09zx7101)

摘　　要：考察了离子盐1-甲基咪唑硝酸盐([mimH]NO3)辅助直接硝解乌洛托品(HA)制备黑索今(RDX)的结晶工艺条件。研究了搅拌速度、结晶温度、[mimH]NO3用量、滴水速度对RDX晶形的影响。用扫描电镜和撞击感度仪分析、表征了其晶形和感度。结果表明,最佳结晶工艺条件为:[mimH]NO3与HA的物质的量之比为0.015,水的滴加速度1滴/40 s,搅拌速度800 r·min-1,结晶过程温度10～70℃。该工艺条件下所得RDX粒度均匀,形状规整,呈八面体型。按GJB772A-1997-601.1方法,测得其爆炸概率为17%。The crystallization technology conditions of preparing the Reduced Sensitivity RDX（RS-RDX）by direct nitrolysis of 1,3, 5,7-tetraazatricyclo[3.3.1.13,7]decane（HA）at the presence of 1-methyl-imidazole nitrate（ionic salt）were studied. The effects of stirring speed,crystallization temperature,amount of ionic salt,and dropping rate of water on the crystalline form of RDX were investigated. The morphology and sensitivity of RDX crystals were analyzed and characterized by scanning electron microscopy（ SEM）,and impact sensitivity test. The results show that the optimal crystallization technology conditions are the molar ratio of 1-methyl-imidazole nitrate and HA is 0.015,and stirring speed 800 r·min -1,dropping rate of water 1 drop/40 s, crystallization process temperature 10 ;70 ℃. The RDX obtained under the optimum conditions is uniform with regular shape like octahedron,and the explosion probability is 17% according to the standardization method of GJB772A-1997 -601. 1.

关 键 词：应用化学 黑索今 直接硝解法 离子盐 降感 

分 类 号：TQ564[化学工程—炸药化工]