等氮条件下不同施肥措施对花椰菜产量及品质的影响  

The Effects of Different Fertilization on Cauliflower Yield and Quality Under the Similar Level of Nitrogen Fertilizer

作　　者：冯宁沙[1] 刘丽鹃[1] 刘满强[1] 陈杰[2] 李辉信[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学资源与环境科学学院,南京210095 [2]同济大学现代农业科学与工程研究院,上海200092

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2013年第22期173-177,共5页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划"崇明低碳经济产业发展模式;关键技术集成应用与示范研究"(2009BAC62B04)

摘　　要：化肥过量施用是导致蔬菜品质下降及生态环境问题的重要原因。在等量氮肥的前提下(纯氮600kg/hm2),以全部施用无机肥为对照,在崇明现代农业园区研究了不同施肥处理(化肥配施商品有机肥、化肥配施猪粪堆肥和化肥配施芦笋秸秆堆肥)对花椰菜产量和品质的影响。结果表明,与只施用无机化肥相比,化肥结合施用商品有机肥、猪粪堆肥和芦笋秸秆堆肥均能提高花菜的产量和品质,产量分别提高了7.60%、22.83%和30.48%;Vc含量分别提高10.70%、12.66%和10.34%;可溶性糖含量分别提高18.18%、26.70%和39.58%,蛋白质含量分别提高26.39%、27.58%和17.06%,而硝酸盐(NO3-N)含量分别降低53.21%、51.01%和17.84%。总之,在等氮量施肥条件下,有机无机配施可以有效提高花椰菜的产量和品质。Overuse of chemical fertilizer lead to serious problems regarding to the deterioration of vegetables and ecological environment. This study aimed to explore the effects of different fertilization managements on cauliflower yield and quality in Chongming modern agricultural park. Based on equal nitrogen amendments （N600 kg/hm2 ）, different chemical and organic fertilization combinations were used such as single chemical fertilizer, chemical fertilizer combined with commercial organic fertilizer, and combined with rotten pig manure and combined with rotten straw, respectively. The results showed that, compared with the control with only chemical fertilizer amended, all treatments with organic amendment could improve the yield and quality of cauliflower. The fertilizer combined with commercial organic fertilizer, rotten pig manure and rotten asparagus straw increased the yield 7.6%, 22.8% and 30.5%, respectively; and the vitamin C increased 10.70%, 12.66% and 10.34%, respectively; and the soluble sugar increased 18.18%, 26.70% and 39.58%, respectively; and the protein improved 26.39%, 27.58% and 17.06% respectively. The nitrate （NO3-N） content, however, decreased 53.21% , 51.01% and 17.84% , respectively. In conclusion, combining on organic and chemical fertilizer can improve the yield and quality of cauliflower effectively.

关 键 词：花椰菜 施肥 化肥 有机肥 产量 品质 

分 类 号：S143.6[农业科学—肥料学]