大鼠股骨干开放骨折愈合模型的建立及生物力学性能评价  

Biomechanical study on open fracture model with plate fixation compared with closed fracture model with intramedullary nail fixation in rats

作　　者：邢丹[1,2] 马信龙[1,2,3] 马剑雄[3] 王杰[3] 陈阳[1,2] 杨阳[1,2] 朱少文[1,2] 马宝意[1,2] 冯睿[3] 

机构地区：[1]天津医院骨研所生物力学室 [2]天津医科大学骨科临床学院,天津300211 [3]天津医科大学总医院骨科,天津300052

出　　处：《中国骨伤》2013年第8期676-680,共5页China Journal of Orthopaedics and Traumatology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(编号:81102607);天津市科技支撑重点项目(编号:11ZCGYSY01800);天津市卫生局科技攻关项目(编号:11KG137)~~

摘　　要：目的:比较闭合骨折髓内钉固定和开放骨折钢板固定大鼠股骨干骨折愈合模型的建立及生物力学性能。方法:将40只8周龄SD雄性大鼠通过随机数字表法分为两组,分别建立左侧股骨干闭合骨折髓内钉内固定模型和开放骨折钢板内固定模型,每组20只。建立骨折模型后,分别于术后4、6、8、12周4个时间点对两组大鼠进行分批次处死后取材,测量骨折处骨痂的最大横截面积、体积,计算骨痂的最大载荷、最大载荷恢复率。比较两种不同骨折愈合模型的力学性能。结果:两种骨折模型的平均手术时间比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。两种骨折模型组术后各时间点的平均骨痂最大横截面积和平均骨痂体积差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两种骨折固定模型组术后各时间点的平均最大载荷以及平均最大载荷恢复率,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:骨折愈合过程中,闭合骨折髓内钉固定模型的力学性能优于开放骨折钢板内固定模型,提示轴向的力学刺激在骨折愈合过程中起重要作用。Objective：To compare biomechanical effect of the closed fracture model with intramedullary nail fixation and the open fracture model with plate fixation in rats. Methods：Forty-8-week old Spragu-Dawley male rats were divided into two groups randomly. Left femoral shaft closed fractures model was created in 20 rats ,and treated with intramedullary nail. Other 20 rats received open osteotomy on the left femoral shaft,and were fixed by plate. Rats were sacrificed and draw the materials at 4,6,8 and 12 weeks in batch. Across section area and volume of callus were measured ,peak load,restoration rate of peak load were tested. The biomechanical efficency of two methods of femoral shaft fracture fixation were compared. Results： The difference of surgical duration was statistically significant between two groups （P0.001）. At 4,6,8 and 12 weeks,the differ- ence of peak load,restoration rate of peak load,volume and area of callus was also statistically significant between two groups （P 0.05）. Conclusion：Open fracture model with plate fixation led to delayed healing compared with closed fracture model with intramedullary nail. However,open fracture model with plate fixation model could be a valuable research tool to study the healing consequences of cortical bone,which may provide insight into the pathogenesis and ideal treatment of fractures or non unions.

关 键 词：股骨骨折 内固定器 动物 实验 生物力学 

分 类 号：R683[医药卫生—骨科学]