硐室爆破降振及振动信号小波包能量分析  

DECREASING VIBRATION OF CHAMBER BLASTING AND WAVELET PACKET ENERGY ANALYSIS OF VIBRATION SIGNALS

作　　者：宋彦超[1,2] 张正忠 何华伟 蒋跃飞 

机构地区：[1]杭州民能检测技术有限公司,杭州310012 [2]浙江工业大学,杭州310012 [3]浙江省高能爆破工程有限公司,杭州310012

出　　处：《工程爆破》2013年第4期14-20,共7页Engineering Blasting

摘　　要：塔罗金矿揭顶剥离硐室爆破是塔吉克斯坦迄今为止规模最大的一次爆破。根据地形、地质、环境条件和工程要求,合理地设计爆破参数、爆破网路和分段延时时间,较好地解决了硐室爆破振动带来的影响。振动监测结果表明,爆破降振取得良好效果。通过对塔罗金矿硐室爆破振动测试数据时域、频域(Fourier变换)和时频域(包括小波基的确定,小波包降噪阈值选取,小波包能量分析)的分析,总结出硐室爆破振动波能量主要集中在0～15.6Hz频带内,硐室爆破中增大单响药量,爆破振动波能量在低频带占比增大,而在高频带占比减小,水平和垂向主振频带(0～15.6Hz)能量占比99%所需的爆心距将缩短。随着爆心距的增加,垂向能量占比呈现先降低后升高的趋势,水平向能量占比呈现振荡走高的趋势。Uncovering chamber blasting of Tarot gold mine is currently the largest-scaled project in Tajikistan. According to the topography, geology, environmental conditions and engineering require ments, the rational blasting parameters, blasting network and segmental delay time were designed, and the influence of chamber blasting vibration was solved. The test results of vibration monitoring showed that the good effect of reduction of the blasting vibration was achieved. The vibration data of Tarot gold mine chamber blasting including time domain, frequency domain and time-frequency domain were analyzed. The conclusions were summed up that chamber blasting vibration wave energy was mainly concentrated in the frequency band of 0 - 15. 6Hz. With the increase of single shot explosive charge in chamber blasting, blasting vibration wave en- ergy in the low frequency band increased, while it decreased in the high frequency band ,and the blast center dis- tance needed for the horizontal and vertical main frequency band （0~ 15. 6Hz） energy accounts for 99 ~ was short- ened. With the increase of the blast center distance, the share of vertical energy increased gradually after decreasing and that of horizontal energy showed higher oscillation trend.

关 键 词：硐室爆破 振动测试 小波基 降噪 小波包能量分析 

分 类 号：O382.2[理学—流体力学]