微生物菌剂的构建及其在城市污水处理中的应用  

Construction of microbial agent and its application in municipal wastewater treatment

作　　者：张兰河[1] 田宇[1] 郭静波[2] 赵可[3] 唐同同[1] 王立刚[1] 马放[3] 

机构地区：[1]东北电力大学化学工程学院,吉林吉林132012 [2]东北电力大学建筑工程学院,吉林吉林132012 [3]哈尔滨工业大学城市水资源与水环境国家重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150090

出　　处：《化工进展》2013年第8期1943-1948,共6页Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress

基　　金：吉林省科技发展计划项目--社会发展重点项目(20110405);吉林省教育厅"十二五"科学技术研究项目(吉教科合字[2012]第95号)

摘　　要：为了提高污水处理的效果,分别利用葡萄糖、可溶性淀粉、乙酸钠、食用油、甘氨酸和牛血清白蛋白作为唯一碳源和能源,分离筛选优势功能菌,在对优势功能菌复配的基础上构建微生物菌剂,并采用SBR装置考察了微生物菌剂的生物强化效能。结果表明,分离筛选得到的优势功能菌分别为:葡萄糖代谢功能菌P1和P3,可溶性淀粉代谢功能菌K2和K4,乙酸钠代谢功能菌C2和C3,食用油代谢功能菌Z1和Z2,牛血清白蛋白代谢功能菌N1和N3,甘氨酸代谢功能菌G1和G4;功能菌群最佳复配质量比例为Z∶P∶G∶K∶N∶C=2∶3∶5∶1∶4∶2。与未投加微生物菌剂的SBR系统相比,投加微生物菌剂的生物强化系统对城市污水中COD、TOC、NH4+-N、TN的去除率分别提高了31.82%、16.71%、56.06%和70.56%。通过微生物菌剂的投加,生物强化技术显著改善了生化处理系统的运行效果和稳定性,使系统中菌群的生物多样性增加,抗冲击负荷能力增强。In order to improve the treatment efficiency of wastewater,the functional strains were isolated and strained when glucose,soluble starch,sodium acetate,edible oil,glycine and bovine serum albumin were applied as the sole carbon and energy source,respectively.The microbial agent was constructed based on the further combination and the bioaugmentation performance of the microbial agent was investigated in the lab-scale SBRs.The dominant function strains obtained were the glucose metabolism bacteria P1 and P3,the soluble starch metabolism bacteria K2 and K4,the sodium acetate metabolism bacteria C2 and C3,the edible oil metabolism bacteria Z1 and Z2,the bovine serum albumin metabolism bacteria N1 and N3 and the glycine metabolism bacteria G1 and G4,respectively.The optimal mixing ratio of the functional flora was Z∶P∶G∶K∶N∶C=2∶3∶5∶1∶4∶2.Compared with the system without bioaugmentation SBR,removal efficiencies of COD,TOC,NH4＋-N and TN in the sewage of bioaugmented system with the microbial agent and activated sludge were improved by 31.82%,16.71%,56.06% and 70.56%,respectively.The bioaugmentation technology improved significantly the performance and stability of the biochemical processing system as well as the biodiversity and the resistance to shock loadings by dosing the microbial agent.

关 键 词：微生物菌剂 城市污水 生物强化 

分 类 号：X703.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程]